DESK-MX6-L-AN-0003: Package Management with Yocto and DNF
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 This application note has been validated using the kit version in the History table. |
Contents
History[edit | edit source]
| Version | Date | Development Kit version |
|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | Oct 2021 | DESK-MX6UL-L 1.0.1 |
| 1.0.1 | Apr 2022 | Upated info for DESK-MX6UL-L-3.0.0 and DESK-MX6-L-3.0.0 |
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Since Pyro (2.3) Yocto release, DNF is the default package manager for installing packages in the DUT (target machine).
The Dandified Packaging Tool (DNF) performs runtime package management of RPM packages. In order to use DNF for runtime package management, you must perform an initial setup on the target machine for cases where the PACKAGE_FEED_* variables were not set as part of the image that is running on the target.
This application note details how to use DNF for installing packages with a Yocto based root file system
DNF[edit | edit source]
DNF is a software package manager that installs, updates, and removes packages on RPM-based Linux distributions. It automatically computes dependencies and determines the actions required to install packages. DNF also makes it easier to maintain groups of machines, eliminating the need to manually update each one using rpm. Introduced in Fedora 18, it has been the default package manager since Fedora 22.
More information can be found on Fedora's wiki DNF page
Configuring the DNF repository[edit | edit source]
It is possibile to add and configure DNF repositories using additional .repo files: it is recommended to define individual repositories in new or existing .repo files in the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory.
More information in the Configuring DNF and DNF_Repositories Fedora's page.
Here below an example on how to create the .repo with the proper setting options using DAVE's Yocto server and AXEL ULite package repositories:
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
{
echo [cortexa7hf_neon]
echo name=desk-mx6ul-cortexa7hf
echo enabled=1
echo gpgcheck=0
echo baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/cortexa7hf_neon/
} | tee > /etc/yum.repos.d/dave.repo
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
{
echo [cortexa7t2hf_neon]
echo name=desk-mx6ul-cortexa7t2hf_neon
echo enabled=1
echo gpgcheck=0
echo baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/cortexa7t2hf_neon/
} | tee >> /etc/yum.repos.d/dave.repo
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
{
echo [noarch]
echo name=desk-mx6ul-noarch
echo enabled=1
echo gpgcheck=0
echo baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/noarch/
} | tee >> /etc/yum.repos.d/dave.repo
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
This allows to configure threee DNF repositories available on DAVE's Yocto package server:
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/dave.repo [cortexa7hf_neon] name=desk-mx6ul-cortexa7hf enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/cortexa7hf_neon/ [cortexa7t2hf_neon] name=desk-mx6ul-cortexa7t2hf_neon enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/cortexa7t2hf_neon/ [noarch] name=desk-mx6ul-noarch enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 baseurl=http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6ul-l-3.0.0/noarch/ root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
Other DAVE repositories[edit | edit source]
Here below the repositories directories for the DESK-MX6-L:
http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6-l-3.0.0/cortexa9hf_neon/ http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6-l-3.0.0/cortexa9t2hf_neon/ http://yocto.dave.eu/desk-mx6-l-3.0.0/noarch/
Installing packages on target[edit | edit source]
We assume that network interface has been already configured for Internet access. In any case, a simple network configuration can be done according to the How to configure the network interfaces wiki page:
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# cat /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network [Match] Name=eth0 # Prevent the interface loading if the kernel boots from nfs KernelCommandLine=!nfsroot [Network] Address=192.168.0.90 Gateway=192.168.0.254 DNS=192.168.0.1 root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
Then, for installing a package, it is enough to invoke dnf with the install parameter, for example:
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# dnf install lighttpd Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:50 ago on Wed Apr 13 09:02:51 2022. Dependencies resolved. ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: lighttpd cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 146 k Installing dependencies: lighttpd-module-dirlisting cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 15 k lighttpd-module-indexfile cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 8.8 k lighttpd-module-staticfile cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 8.5 k Installing weak dependencies: lighttpd-module-access cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 8.5 k lighttpd-module-accesslog cortexa7t2hf_neon 1.4.59-r0 cortexa7t2hf_neon 15 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 6 Packages Total download size: 201 k Installed size: 313 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/6): lighttpd-module-access-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 1.7 kB/s | 8.5 kB 00:05 (2/6): lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 2.9 kB/s | 15 kB 00:05 (3/6): lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 160 kB/s | 8.8 kB 00:00 (4/6): lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 168 kB/s | 15 kB 00:00 (5/6): lighttpd-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 28 kB/s | 146 kB 00:05 (6/6): lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon.rpm 110 kB/s | 8.5 kB 00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 38 kB/s | 201 kB 00:05 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 1/6 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 1/6 ... ... ... Verifying : lighttpd-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 1/6 Verifying : lighttpd-module-access-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 2/6 Verifying : lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 3/6 Verifying : lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 4/6 Verifying : lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 5/6 Verifying : lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon 6/6 Installed: lighttpd-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-access-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.59-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon Complete! root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
Other useful DNF commands[edit | edit source]
List of configured software repositories[edit | edit source]
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# dnf repolist repo id repo name cortexa7hf_neon desk-mx6ul-cortexa7hf cortexa7t2hf_neon desk-mx6ul-cortexa7t2hf_neon noarch desk-mx6ul-noarch
Search for packages[edit | edit source]
To search for an available package into the current configured channels use dnf repoquery
Please note that this will show all packages, it's usually more useful to give it a pattern, e.g.:
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# dnf repoquery *fb* desk-mx6ul-cortexa7hf 18 kB/s | 3.8 kB 00:00 desk-mx6ul-cortexa7t2hf_neon 693 kB/s | 2.9 MB 00:04 desk-mx6ul-noarch 442 kB/s | 123 kB 00:00 fb-test-0:1.1.0-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fb-test-dbg-0:1.1.0-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fb-test-dev-0:1.1.0-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbida-0:2.14-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbida-dbg-0:2.14-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbida-dev-0:2.14-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbida-doc-0:2.14-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbida-src-0:2.14-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbset-0:2.1-r4.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbset-dbg-0:2.1-r4.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbset-dev-0:2.1-r4.cortexa7t2hf_neon fbset-doc-0:2.1-r4.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-bin-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-dbg-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-dev-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-icu-dev-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-icu0-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-src-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-subset0-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon libharfbuzz0-0:2.7.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
List of installed packages[edit | edit source]
User can see the list of installed packages with dnf repoquery --installed
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# dnf repoquery --installed acl-0:2.2.53-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon acl-dev-0:2.2.53-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon alsa-conf-0:1.2.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon alsa-state-0:0.2.0-r5.desk_mx6ul_lynx alsa-states-0:0.2.0-r5.desk_mx6ul_lynx alsa-tools-0:1.2.2-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon ... ... which-0:2.21-r3.cortexa7t2hf_neon which-dev-0:2.21-r3.cortexa7t2hf_neon wireless-regdb-static-0:2020.11.20-r0.noarch wireless-tools-1:30.pre9-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon wl18xx-firmware-0:R8.5+git0+02df01f8b9-r0.noarch wpa-supplicant-0:2.9-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon wpa-supplicant-cli-0:2.9-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon wpa-supplicant-passphrase-0:2.9-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon xinetd-0:2.3.15.4-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon xorgproto-dev-0:2020.1-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon xz-0:5.2.5-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon xz-dev-0:5.2.5-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
DNF activity history[edit | edit source]
User can see the activity on packages with dnf history
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~# dnf history
ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 | install lighttpd | 2022-04-13 09:09 | Install | 6 EE
3 | -v --rpmverbosity=info -y -c /home/jenkins/workspace/workspace/DESK-MX6UL-L-3.x.x_Yocto/yocto/build-fb/tmp/work/ | 2022-02-16 16:19 | Removed | 1 E<
2 | -v --rpmverbosity=info -y -c /home/jenkins/workspace/workspace/DESK-MX6UL-L-3.x.x_Yocto/yocto/build-fb/tmp/work/ | 2022-02-16 16:19 | Install | 16 >
1 | -v --rpmverbosity=info -y -c /home/jenkins/workspace/workspace/DESK-MX6UL-L-3.x.x_Yocto/yocto/build-fb/tmp/work/ | 2022-02-16 16:14 | Install | 1593 EE
root@desk-mx6ul-axelulite:~#
