LELK-AN-001: Package installation using opkg
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Contents
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Thanks to the opkg packet manager installed on Yocto built root file system, Lizard module allows to install new packages (if available).
This task can be performed using DAVE Yocto pre-built package server available at the http://yocto.dave.eu address.
Installing packages on target[edit | edit source]
To use opkg at runtime first of all you need to enable a channel, which commonly is a remote webserver that provide packages feed and the binary packages itself
An example of network interface configuration for Internet access is described here below. Configuration can be done directly on serial console with the following commands:
root@sbc-lynx:~# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.94 root@sbc-lynx:~# route add default gw 192.168.0.254 root@sbc-lynx:~# echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
where 192.168.0.254 is the gateway address and 8.8.8.8 is the DNS server (in this case Google's one).
Once the network interface is configured, the DAVE's Yocto Lizard package server can be accessed for package downloading.
On the target edit the opkg configuration file to tell opkg where to look for packages.
The opkg configuration file is /etc/opkg/opkg.conf.
root@lizard:~# vi /etc/opkg/opkg.conf # Must have one or more source entries of the form: # # src <src-name> <source-url> # # and one or more destination entries of the form: # # dest <dest-name> <target-path> # # where <src-name> and <dest-names> are identifiers that # should match [a-zA-Z0-9._-]+, <source-url> should be a # URL that points to a directory containing a Familiar # Packages file, and <target-path> should be a directory # that exists on the target system.
and add the following server:
src/gz cortexa8hf-vfp-neon http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/ src/gz all http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all
root@lizard:~# opkg update ... ... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/Packages.gz. Inflating http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/Packages.gz. Updated list of available packages in /var/lib/opkg/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon. Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all/Packages.gz. Inflating http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all/Packages.gz. Updated list of available packages in /var/lib/opkg/all.
Then, simply, instruct opkg to install the required package, for example:
root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh Installing openssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-scp (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-scp_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing update-alternatives-cworth (1:0.1.8+svnr649-r13.0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/update-alternatives-cworth_0.1.8+svnr649-r13.0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-ssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-ssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-keygen (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-keygen_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-sshd (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-sshd_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing shadow (4.1.4.3-r13) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/shadow_4.1.4.3-r13_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing shadow-securetty (4.1.4.3-r2-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/lizard/shadow-securetty_4.1.4.3-r2-arago0_lizard.ipk. Installing base-passwd (3.5.26-r2) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/base-passwd_3.5.26-r2_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Running useradd commands... Note: username sshd already exists, not re-creating it Installing update-rc.d (0.7-r5) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all/update-rc.d_0.7-r5_all.ipk. Configuring shadow-securetty. Configuring update-alternatives-worth. Configuring openssh-ssh. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/ssh to /usr/bin/ssh.openssh Configuring openssh-scp. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/scp to /usr/bin/scp.openssh Configuring openssh-keygen. Configuring base-passwd. Configuring shadow. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/passwd to /usr/bin/passwd.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/chfn to /usr/bin/chfn.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/newgrp to /usr/bin/newgrp.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/chsh to /usr/bin/chsh.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/groups to /usr/bin/groups.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/sbin/chpasswd to /usr/sbin/chpasswd.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //bin/login to /bin/login.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //sbin/vipw to /sbin/vipw.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //sbin/vigr to /sbin/vigr.shadow Configuring openssh-sshd. System startup links for /etc/init.d/sshd already exist. Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshdstopped /usr/sbin/sshd (pid 910) . Configuring update-rc.d. Configuring openssh. root@lizard:~#
Other useful OPKG commands[edit | edit source]
A brief guide to OPKG command line interface is here. In the next section we'll show some example of OPKG usage.
List installed packages[edit | edit source]
User can see the list of installed packages with opkg list-installed
root@lizard:~# opkg list-installed base-passwd - 3.5.26-r2 libattr1 - 2.4.46-r4 libc6 - 2.15-r2-arago5 libcap2 - 2.22-r5 libcrypto1.0.0 - 1.0.1e-r15.0-arago9 libgcc-s1 - 4.7.3-r2-arago5 libgcrypt11 - 1.5.0-r2 libgpg-error0 - 1.11-r0 libz1 - 1.2.7-r0 openssh - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-keygen - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-scp - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-sftp - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-ssh - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-sshd - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 shadow - 4.1.4.3-r13 shadow-securetty - 4.1.4.3-r2-arago0 update-alternatives-cworth - 1:0.1.8+svnr649-r13.0-arago0 update-rc.d - 0.7-r5 root@lizard:~#
List available packages[edit | edit source]
To list the available packages into the current configured channels use opkg list
root@lizard:~# opkg list a52dec - 0.7.4-r4 - liba52 version 0.7.4-r4 Library for reading some sort of media format. a52dec-doc - 0.7.4-r4 - liba52 version 0.7.4-r4 Library for reading some sort of media format. acl - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 utilities for access control list acl-dbg - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - Debugging files utilities for access control list This package contains ELF symbols and related sources for debugging purposes. acl-dev - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - Development files utilities for access control list This package contains symbolic links, header files, and related items necessary for software development. acl-doc - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - Documentation files utilities for access control list This package contains documentation. acl-locale-de - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - de translations utilities for access control list This package contains language translation files for the de locale. acl-locale-es - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - es translations utilities for access control list This package contains language translation files for the es locale. acl-locale-fr - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - fr translations utilities for access control list This package contains language translation files for the fr locale. acl-locale-gl - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - gl translations utilities for access control list This package contains language translation files for the gl locale. acl-locale-pl - 2.2.51-r3 - acl version 2.2.51-r3 - pl translations utilities for access control list This package contains language translation files for the pl [...]
Package info[edit | edit source]
To see a package characteristics use opkg info <package_name> :
root@lizard:~# opkg info openssh Package: openssh Version: 6.1p1-r0-arago0 Depends: openssh-scp, openssh-ssh, openssh-keygen, openssh-sshd Recommends: update-rc.d Conflicts: dropbear Status: install user installed Section: console/network Architecture: cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2 Maintainer: OE-Core Developers <openembedded-core@lists.openembedded.org> MD5Sum: 12d42e54c312a08c4321125ec4a1194b Size: 890 Filename: openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Source: ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/OpenSSH/portable/openssh-6.1p1.tar.gz file://nostrip.patch file://sshd_config file://ssh_config file://init file://openssh-CVE-2011-4327.patch Description: Secure rlogin/rsh/rcp/telnet replacement Secure rlogin/rsh/rcp/telnet replacement (OpenSSH) Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. Installed-Time: 1508849774 root@lizard:~#
