DESK-XZ7-L-AN-0006: Package Management with Yocto and DNF
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 This application note has been validated using the kit version in the History table. |
Contents
History[edit | edit source]
| Date | Development Kit version |
|---|---|
| Feb 2024 | DESK-XZ7-L 1.0.1 |
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Since Pyro (2.3) Yocto release, DNF is the default package manager for installing packages in the DUT (target machine).
The Dandified Packaging Tool (DNF) performs runtime package management of RPM packages.
This application note details how to use DNF for installing packages with a Yocto based root file system
DNF[edit | edit source]
DNF is a software package manager that installs, updates, and removes packages on RPM-based Linux distributions. It automatically computes dependencies and determines the actions required to install packages. DNF also makes it easier to maintain groups of machines, eliminating the need to manually update each one using rpm. Introduced in Fedora 18, it has been the default package manager since Fedora 22.
More information can be found on Fedora's wiki DNF page
Pre-configured repositories[edit | edit source]
It is possible to add and configure DNF repositories using additional .repo files: it is recommended to define individual repositories in new or existing .repo files in the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory.
More information about configuring DNF repositories can be found in the nConfiguring DNF and DNF_Repositories Fedora's page.
Here below is the original configuration defined by Petalinux root file system for the package repositories:
root@bora:~# ls -la /etc/yum.repos.d total 24 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 30 15:15 . drwxr-xr-x 52 root root 4096 Jan 30 15:18 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4606 Mar 9 2018 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5086 Mar 9 2018 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-updates-rpm.repo root@bora:~#
Installing packages on target[edit | edit source]
We assume that the network interface has been already configured for Internet access. In any case, a simple network configuration can be done according to the How to configure the network interfaces wiki page:
root@bora:~# echo "nameserver 192.168.0.1" > /etc/resolv.conf
root@bora:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)
# The loopback interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
#
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.165
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.254
root@bora:~#
root@bora:~#
Then, for installing a package, it is enough to invoke dnf with the install parameter, for example:
root@bora:~# dnf install lighttpd Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:16 ago on Tue Mar 13 12:15:23 2018. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: lighttpd cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 120 k Installing dependencies: lighttpd-module-dirlisting cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 15 k lighttpd-module-indexfile cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 9.3 k lighttpd-module-staticfile cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 9.0 k Installing weak dependencies: lighttpd-lic cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 7.6 k lighttpd-module-access cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 9.0 k lighttpd-module-accesslog cortexa9t2hf_neon 1.4.55-r0.0 oe-remote-repo-sswreleases-rel-v2021.2-generic-rpm-cortexa9t2hf_neon 14 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 7 Packages Total download size: 184 k Installed size: 270 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/7): lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 58 kB/s | 9.0 kB 00:00 (2/7): lighttpd-lic-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 31 kB/s | 7.6 kB 00:00 (3/7): lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 101 kB/s | 14 kB 00:00 (4/7): lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 295 kB/s | 120 kB 00:00 (5/7): lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 84 kB/s | 9.3 kB 00:00 (6/7): lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 63 kB/s | 15 kB 00:00 (7/7): lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon.rpm 35 kB/s | 9.0 kB 00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 271 kB/s | 184 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 1/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 1/7 %post(lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 417 + set -e + '[' x = x ']' + '[' -x /sbin/ldconfig ']' + /sbin/ldconfig %post(lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(417) rc 417 status 0 Installing : lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 2/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 2/7 %post(lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 419 + set -e + '[' x = x ']' + '[' -x /sbin/ldconfig ']' + /sbin/ldconfig %post(lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(419) rc 419 status 0 Installing : lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 3/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 3/7 %post(lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 421 + set -e + '[' x = x ']' + '[' -x /sbin/ldconfig ']' + /sbin/ldconfig %post(lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(421) rc 421 status 0 Installing : lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 4/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 4/7 %post(lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 423 + set -e + '[' x = x ']' + '[' -x /sbin/ldconfig ']' + /sbin/ldconfig %post(lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(423) rc 423 status 0 Installing : lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 5/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 5/7 %post(lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 425 + set -e + '[' x = x ']' + '[' -x /sbin/ldconfig ']' + /sbin/ldconfig %post(lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(425) rc 425 status 0 Installing : lighttpd-lic-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 6/7 Installing : lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 7/7 Running scriptlet: lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 7/7 %post(lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): scriptlet start %post(lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): execv(/bin/sh) pid 427 + set -e + true + type update-rc.d + '[' -n '' ']' + OPT=-s + update-rc.d -s lighttpd defaults 70 Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/lighttpd. Starting Lighttpd Web Server: lighttpd. %post(lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon): waitpid(427) rc 427 status 0 Verifying : lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 1/7 Verifying : lighttpd-lic-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 2/7 Verifying : lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 3/7 Verifying : lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 4/7 Verifying : lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 5/7 Verifying : lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 6/7 Verifying : lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon 7/7 Installed: lighttpd-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-lic-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-access-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-accesslog-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-dirlisting-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-indexfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon lighttpd-module-staticfile-1.4.55-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon Complete! root@bora:~#
Search for packages[edit | edit source]
To search for an available package in the current configured channels use dnf repoquery
Please note that this will show all packages, it's usually more useful to give it a pattern, e.g.:
root@bora:~# dnf repoquery *fb* OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm all 2.0 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm any 2.9 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm noarch 1.2 MB/s | 139 kB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv5hf_vfp 3.5 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv5thf_vfp 4.0 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv5ehf_vfp 3.7 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv5tehf_vfp 3.0 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv6hf_vfp 3.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv6thf_vfp 3.4 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv7ahf_vfp 3.6 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv7at2hf_vfp 1.9 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv7ahf_neon 3.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm armv7at2hf_neon 3.8 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm cortexa9hf_vfp 3.7 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm cortexa9hf_neon 107 kB/s | 8.0 kB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm cortexa9t2hf_vfp 3.4 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm cortexa9t2hf_neon 9.3 MB/s | 3.5 MB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm zynq 37 kB/s | 4.6 kB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm zynq_7z 23 kB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic rpm zynq_generic 1.2 MB/s | 141 kB 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm all 4.0 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm any 2.3 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm noarch 4.1 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv5hf_vfp 2.8 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv5thf_vfp 3.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv5ehf_vfp 3.7 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv5tehf_vfp 2.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv6hf_vfp 3.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv6thf_vfp 3.2 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv7ahf_vfp 3.5 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv7at2hf_vfp 3.8 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv7ahf_neon 2.9 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm armv7at2hf_neon 2.4 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm cortexa9hf_vfp 810 B/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm cortexa9hf_neon 3.1 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm cortexa9t2hf_vfp 3.7 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm cortexa9t2hf_neon 3.8 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm zynq 2.5 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm zynq_7z 3.7 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 OE Remote Repo: sswreleases rel-v2021.2 generic-updates rpm zynq_generic 2.6 kB/s | 257 B 00:00 gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-fbdevsink-0:1.16.3+git0+a3487d4884-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-rfbsrc-0:1.16.3+git0+a3487d4884-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-bin-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-dbg-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-dev-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-icu-dev-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-icu0-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-lic-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-src-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz-subset0-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon libharfbuzz0-0:2.7.2-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-dbg-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-dev-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-doc-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-lic-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xf86-video-fbdev-src-2:0.5.0-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xserver-xorg-module-libwfb-2:1.20.9-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon xserver-xorg-xvfb-2:1.20.9-r0.0.cortexa9t2hf_neon
List of installed packages[edit | edit source]
User can see the list of installed packages with dnf repoquery --installed
root@bora:~# dnf repoquery --installed
DNF activity history[edit | edit source]
User can see the activity on packages with dnf history
root@bora:~# dnf history ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 | install lighttpd | 2024-01-17 16:23 | Install | 7 EE ... root@bora:~#
