Changes

|March 1.1.3|April 2017|TBD*Added several packages to the root file system*Removed <code>busybox</code>*Added notes about physical interfaces|-|2.1.0|1.1.3|April 2017|*Added section ''Using the raw image''*Added notes about <code>ssh</code> server configuration*Added notes about <code>MySQL</code> server installation and configuration

Several "distributions" are available for embedded Linux devices. [https://www.yoctoproject.org Yocto] and [https://buildroot.org Buildroot] are just two examples of the most common. Nevertheless, for some applications the use of a desktop/server distribution might be preferable. Since they are not conceived for embedded platforms, these distributions have to be carefully tailored, in order to match hardware resources.[1]

It is assumed that the microSD card is connected to the host machine. As such, the two partitions are mounted as <code>/media/BOOT</code> and <code>/media/ROOTFS</code>. The kernel image and the compressed archive containing the root file system are available for download at the following box shows how URLs respectively:* https://mirror.dave.eu/lynx/debian/20170403/xuelk-1.1.3_uImage.debian* https://mirror.dave.eu/lynx/debian/20170403/20170403-sbclynx-debian-8.tgz To copy the kernel image to perform such operations once the microSD card (mapped as , issue the following command:<pre class="board-terminal">cp -v xuelk-1.1.3_uImage.debian /media/BOOT/</pre>Delete all the existing files in the <code>/devmedia/TBDROOTFS</code> partition:<pre class="board-terminal">sudo rm -rf /media/ROOTFS/*sudo tar xvzf 20170403-sbclynx-debian-8.tgz -C /media/ROOTFS/ </pre>Decompress the Debian root file system in the example) has been connected to a Linux host.same partition:

You can now remove Remove the card from the host, and plug it into the slot of SBC Lynx.

[1] The only difference with respect to the XUELK kernel image is related to the WiFi driver. To make it work with the Debian root file system, it has to be built as a loadable module instead of as a statically linked driver.

Of course, one of the greatest - if not ''the'' greatest - pros of having a desktop distribution, is the availability of a huge archive of pre-built packages. They can be installed very easily with tools such as [https://wiki.debian.org/Apt <code>apt</code>] and [https://packaging.python.org <code>pip</code>].

Please note the that these changes will take effect after rebooting the machine. 

Please refer to See [[#Adding packages|this section]].===WiFi (client mode)===The procedure here described can be used to connect to an Access Point, using the WPA2/PSK security protocol.

As the ===Bluetooth and WiFi driver is not statically linked to ===The root file system contains the kernel image, it is necessary same calibration file indicated [[XUELK-AN-001:_Using_WiFi-Bluetooth_combo_plugin_with_SBC_Lynx#Calibration|here]].====Bluetooth====The following script can be run to load enable the module firstBluetooth controller:

root@arm:~# modprobe wl12xx./test/dwm_bt_init.shFound a Texas Instruments' chip!Firmware file : /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/TIInit_7.6.15.btsLoaded BTS script version 1texas: changing baud rate to 3000000, flow control to 1Device setup completeDevices: hci0 88:33:14:5E:30:60</pre>Once the <code>hci</code> interface is enabled, <code>hcitool</code> or other tools can be used to access it:<pre class="board-terminal">root@arm:~# hcitool scanScanning ... yy:yy:yy:yy:yy:yy device1 zz:zz:zz:zz:zz:zz device2

ThenAs the WiFi driver is not statically linked to the kernel image, it is necessary to load the module first. This operation is done automatically upon boot, bring as the interface upmodule is listed in <code>/etc/modules</code>:

root@arm:~# iw devcat /etc/modulesphy#0 Interface wlan0 ifindex 4 wdev 0x1 addr 88/etc/modules:33:14:5e:30:61kernel modules to load at boot time. type managed#root@arm:~# ip link show wlan0This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded4: wlan0: <BROADCAST# at boot time,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop qlen 1000 link/ether 88:33:14:5e:30:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffroot@arm:~one per line. Lines beginning with "# ip link set wlan0 up[ 276.076847] wlcore: firmware booted (Rev 6" are ignored.3.10.0.133)[ 276.097912] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not readyroot@arm:~# ip link show wlan04: wlan0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq qlen 1000 link/ether 88:33:14:5e:30:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffroot@arm:~# iw wlan0 linkNot connected.wl12xx

 The connection will In case you need to unload/load the module manually, the following commands can be established with the SSID named <code>SSID_ZyXEL_WPA2</code>used:

root@arm:~# iw wlan0 scanrmmod wl12xx...BSS fe:f0:28:cc:03:90(on wlan0) TSF: 42646261 usec (0d, 00:00:42) freq: 2437 beacon interval: 100 TUs capability: ESS Privacy ShortPreamble ShortSlotTime (0x0431) signal: -53.00 dBm last seen: 0 ms ago SSID: SSID_ZyXEL_WPA2 Supported rates: 1.0* 2.0* 5.5* 11.0* 6.0 9.0 12.0 18.0 DS Parameter setroot@arm: channel 6~# modprobe wl12xx RSNroot@arm: * Version: 1 * Group cipher: TKIP * Pairwise ciphers: TKIP * Authentication suites: PSK * Capabilities: 1-PTKSA-RC 1-GTKSA-RC (0x0000) ERP: <no flags> Extended supported rates: 24~# [ 2751.0 36.0 48.0 54.0 WMM: * Parameter version 1 * BE: CW 15-1023, AIFSN 3 * BK: CW 15-1023, AIFSN 7 * VI: CW 7-15, AIFSN 2, TXOP 3008 usec * VO040431] wlcore: CW 3-7, AIFSN 2, TXOP 1504 usec...loaded

Add Generate the passphrase key to PSK from the <code>wpa_supplicant</code> configuration file ESSID and make it readable by the clear text passphrase using <code>rootwpa_passphrase</code> onlytool:

root@arm:~# wpa_passphrase SSID_ZyXEL_WPA2 >> /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf# reading passphrase from stdin

Start User can now restart <code>wpa_supplicantsystemd</code>networking service with:

 Once Now you can check the connection process completed successfullysystem configuration using standard tools (<code>route</code>, <code>ifconfig</code>, <code>iw</code> reports ). E.g. to check the WiFi link status as followsuse:

After assigning a (static) IP address to Edit the <code>wlan0/etc/mysql/my.cnf</code> interface, it is possibile file in order to ping comment out the Access Pointfollowing lines:

#bind-address = 127.0.0.1#skip-networking</pre>  Restart the server to make the changes take effect:<pre class="board-terminal">root@arm:~# ifconfig wlan0 192.168.11.81service mysql restart</pre>  Access MySQL server locally and issue the commands shown below:<pre class="board-terminal">root@arm:~# ifconfigmysql -u root -peth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:C2:1E:AFEnter password:E9 inet addr:192Welcome to the MySQL monitor.168 Commands end with ; or \g.0.81 BcastYour MySQL connection id is 37Server version:1925.1685.54-0+deb8u1 (Debian) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates.255 Mask:255All rights reserved.255 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates.255Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:c2ff:fe1e:afe9/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. RX packets:35226 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:28 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION; collisions:Query OK, 0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3555583 rows affected (3.3 MiB) TX bytes:1906 (10.8 KiB01 sec)

lo Link encap:Local Loopbackmysql> SELECT * from information_schema.user_privileges where grantee like "'root'%";+--------------------+---------------+-------------------------+--------------+| GRANTEE | TABLE_CATALOG | PRIVILEGE_TYPE | IS_GRANTABLE |+--------------------+---------------+-------------------------+--------------+| 'root'@'localhost' | def | SELECT | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | INSERT | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | UPDATE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | DELETE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | DROP | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | RELOAD | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | SHUTDOWN | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | PROCESS | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | FILE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | REFERENCES | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | INDEX | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | ALTER | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | SHOW DATABASES | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | SUPER | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | LOCK TABLES | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | EXECUTE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | REPLICATION SLAVE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | REPLICATION CLIENT | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE VIEW | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | SHOW VIEW | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | ALTER ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE USER | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | EVENT | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | TRIGGER | YES || 'root'@'localhost' | def | CREATE TABLESPACE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | SELECT | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | INSERT | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | UPDATE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | DELETE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | DROP | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | RELOAD | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | SHUTDOWN | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | PROCESS | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | FILE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | REFERENCES | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | INDEX | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | ALTER | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | SHOW DATABASES | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | SUPER | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | LOCK TABLES | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | EXECUTE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | REPLICATION SLAVE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | REPLICATION CLIENT | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE VIEW | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | SHOW VIEW | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | ALTER ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE USER | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | EVENT | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | TRIGGER | YES || 'root'@'arm' | def | CREATE TABLESPACE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | SELECT | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | INSERT | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | UPDATE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | DELETE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | CREATE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | DROP | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | RELOAD | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | SHUTDOWN | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | PROCESS | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | FILE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | REFERENCES | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | INDEX | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | ALTER | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | SHOW DATABASES | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | SUPER | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | LOCK TABLES | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | EXECUTE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | REPLICATION SLAVE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | REPLICATION CLIENT | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | CREATE VIEW | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | SHOW VIEW | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | CREATE ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | ALTER ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def inet addr:| CREATE USER | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1 Mask:255' | def | EVENT | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | TRIGGER | YES || 'root'@'127.0.0.1' | def | CREATE TABLESPACE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | SELECT | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | INSERT | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | UPDATE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | DELETE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | CREATE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | DROP | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | RELOAD | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | SHUTDOWN | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | PROCESS | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def | FILE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def inet6 addr| REFERENCES | YES || 'root'@': :1' | def | INDEX | YES || 'root'@'::1/128 Scope' | def | ALTER | YES || 'root'@'::Host1' | def | SHOW DATABASES | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU| SUPER | YES || 'root'@':65536 Metric:1' | def | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def RX packets| LOCK TABLES | YES || 'root'@'::0 errors1' | def | EXECUTE | YES || 'root'@':0 dropped:0 overruns1' | def | REPLICATION SLAVE | YES || 'root'@':0 frame:01' | def | REPLICATION CLIENT | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def TX packets| CREATE VIEW | YES || 'root'@'::0 errors1' | def | SHOW VIEW | YES || 'root'@':0 dropped:0 overruns1' | def | CREATE ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@':0 carrier:01' | def | ALTER ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def collisions| CREATE USER | YES || 'root'@':0 txqueuelen:01' | def | EVENT | YES || 'root'@'::1' | def RX bytes| TRIGGER | YES || 'root'@':0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 1' | def | CREATE TABLESPACE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | SELECT | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | INSERT | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | UPDATE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | DELETE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | DROP | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | RELOAD | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | SHUTDOWN | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | PROCESS | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | FILE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | REFERENCES | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | INDEX | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | ALTER | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | SHOW DATABASES | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | SUPER | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | LOCK TABLES | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | EXECUTE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | REPLICATION SLAVE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | REPLICATION CLIENT | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE VIEW | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | SHOW VIEW | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | ALTER ROUTINE | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE USER | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | EVENT | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | TRIGGER | YES || 'root'@'%' | def | CREATE TABLESPACE | YES |+--------------------+---------------+-------------------------+--------------+140 rows in set (0.0 B02 sec)

wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 88:33:14:5E:30:61mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; inet addr:192.168.11.81 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.Query OK, 0 inet6 addr: fe80::8a33:14ff:fe5e:3061/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:24970 errors:rows affected (0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2448625 (2.3 MiB) TX bytes:1291 (1.2 KiB00 sec)

In order You should be able to automatically load the <code>wl12xx</code> module on startup, issue the following commandaccess from remote host:

rootdvdk@armosboxes:~# echo wl12xx >> $ mysql -u root -ppassword -h 192.168.0.81 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 37 Server version: 5.5.54-0+deb8u1 (Debian) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/etcor its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/modulesor its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>