Difference between revisions of "Wireless Module (DWM)"
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Revision as of 10:09, 16 November 2016
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Contents
Specification[edit | edit source]
The module is built around an LS Research TiWi-BLE Integrated Transceiver Modules for WLAN 802.11 b/g/n and Bluetooth. The module implements the necessary PHY/MAC layers to support WLAN applications in conjunction with a host processor over a SDIO interface. The module also provides a Bluetooth platform through the HCI transport layer. Both WLAN and Bluetooth share the same antenna port.
Features[edit | edit source]
- Based on Texas Instruments WL1271L Transceiver
- IEEE 802.11 b,g,n,d,e,i, compliant
- Bluetooth 2.1+EDR, Power Class 1.5
- Full support for BT4.0 BLE and ANT
- Reduced footprint: 25 mm x 38 mm
- Low height profile
- U.FL connector for external antenna
- Integrated band-pass filter
- Industrial operating temperature range: -40 / +85 °C
Interface timings[edit | edit source]
Please refer to the TiWi-BLE Datasheet for SDIO [WiFi] and UART [Bluetooth] interface timings.
Power consumption[edit | edit source]
Reset[edit | edit source]
Pinout and detailed pin functions[edit | edit source]
DWM can be connected to the host board through the J1 connector.
Pinout reference[edit | edit source]
The following picture shows the reference pins of the J1 connector (placed on the bottom side of the DWM module):
J1 connector pinout table[edit | edit source]
The following table reports the connector pinout:
| Pin number | Name | Type | Description | Voltage | Note |
| 1 | BT_EN | Input | Bluetooth Enable | 3.3V | |
| 2 | WIFI_EN | Input | WLAN Enable | 3.3V | |
| 3 | BT_CTS | Input | Bluetooth HCI UART CTS | 3.3V | |
| 4 | WIFI_IRQ | Output | WLAN Interrupt Request | 3.3V | |
| 5 | BT_RX | Input | Bluetooth HCI UART RX | 3.3V | |
| 6 | BT_F2 | Input | Bluetooth Wakeup | 3.3V | Please leave unconnected if not used |
| 7 | BT_RTS | Output | Bluetooth HCI UART RTS | 3.3V | |
| 8 | WIFI_CLK_REQ(A) | Output | HOST_WakeUp | 3.3V | Please leave unconnected if not used |
| 9 | BT_TX | Output | Bluetooth HCI UART TX | 3.3V | |
| 10 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 11 | DGND | Ground | - | ||
| 12 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 13 | DAT3 | Input/Output | SDIO Data Bit 3 | 3.3V | |
| 14 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 15 | DAT2 | Input/Output | SDIO Data Bit 2 | 3.3V | |
| 16 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 17 | DAT1 | Input/Output | SDIO Data Bit 1 | 3.3V | |
| 18 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 19 | DAT0 | Input/Output | SDIO Data Bit 0 | 3.3V | |
| 20 | NC | Reserved for future use | - | Please leave unconnected. | |
| 21 | DGND | Ground | - | ||
| 22 | DGND | Ground | - | ||
| 23 | SDO_CMD | Input/Output | SDIO Command Line | 3.3V | |
| 24 | SDO_CLK | Input | SDIO Clock | 3.3V | |
| 25 | DGND | Ground | - | ||
| 26 | DGND | Ground | - | ||
| 27 | 3.3V | Power Input | +3.3V Input Voltage | 3.3V | |
| 28 | 3.3V | Power Input | +3.3V Input Voltage | 3.3V | |
| 29 | 5V | Power Input | +5V Input Voltage | 5V | |
| 30 | 5V | Power Input | +5V Input Voltage | 5V | |
Antenna connector[edit | edit source]
The following picture shows the position of the WiFi/Bluetooth antenna connector:
Integration guide[edit | edit source]
This section provides useful information and resources that let the system designer integrate the DWM module in the application very quickly.
Typical scenarios[edit | edit source]
The following picture shows the conceptual block diagram of the application where the host is an Embedded PC.
Mechanical information[edit | edit source]
The following image shows the module dimensions:
Layout[edit | edit source]
The following images show the module layout:
The component view (top and bottom) is avalable as PDF file:
3D[edit | edit source]
Qualification tests[edit | edit source]
How to enable WiFi support on embedded linux platforms[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- WL127x Main page
- WL127x WLAN API
- Calibration Process
- Wifi Tools
- Info on mac80211 based WLAN driver
- TiWi-BLE Downloads
- INI Guide
- Antenna Design
- EMC Guide
- Linux Calibrator
Kernel setup[edit | edit source]
Edit kernel configuration adding support for MMC and WL1271L chipset. If needed, please apply the patches to enable support for DWM on the platform in use.
Make Wireless Tools[edit | edit source]
If the Wirleless Tools package is not included into your root file system, you need to build this component. Modification of the Makefile is required in order to cross-compile and install the tools:
- Check that the root file system path is correct
- Check the env CROSS_COMPILE and PATH variables
- make all
- sudo make install
Please note that this tools are included in some Linux Embedded distributions, so you could use the package manager to install them. See for example the Running Ubuntu Core page to learn how to run an Ubuntu-based root file system, so you can easily add the required tools using the apt package manager.
Module Firmware[edit | edit source]
Download the firmware binaries and copy them into <RFS>/lib/firmware:
- wl1271-fw.bin
Calibration[edit | edit source]
Calibration is a process of determining radio parameters specific for the chip on the specific design. Calibration is a mandatory one-time procedure, performed once after the board assembly and before any WLAN operation.
Prerequisites[edit | edit source]
- wifi kernel driver
- wifi device firmware
- wifi tools available into the root file system
- Linux kernel build with CONFIG_NL80211_TESTMODE=y option and WL12xx build as a module
- INI file downloaded from LSR website: [1] (930-0056 - ETSI All certified antennas)
- The NVS file (wl127x-nvs.bin) must not be included into the root file system
N.B: When compiling the calibrator tool for an Ubuntu Core root file system (Ubuntu 12.04 LTS ARM HF), the following packages are required:
- libnl-3-dev
- libnl-gen1-3-dev
If the libnl-3 headers are not included into /usr/include/libnl-3, it is possible to download and uncompress the following deb file:
- http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ precise/main libnl-3-dev armhf 3.2.3-2ubuntu2 [37.0 kB]
How to do the calibration[edit | edit source]
For detailed information, please refer to the Calibration Getting Started Guide.
For the calibration commands, please refer to the following shell session:
root@X-Poles:~/ti-utils# rm /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin root@X-Poles:~/ti-utils# rmmod wl12xx_sdio.ko root@X-Poles:~/ti-utils# ./calibrator plt autocalibrate wlan0 /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/wl12xx/wl12xx_sdio.ko hw/ini_files/127x/TQS_S_2.6.ini /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin 00:00:00:00:00:00 [ 2106.815826] wl12xx: loaded [ 2106.831756] wl12xx: power up [ 2107.337219] wl12xx: firmware booted in PLT mode (PLT 6.3.5.0.98) Using nvs version 2.1 Calibrate /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin Writing calibration data to /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin Writing mac address 00:00:00:00:00:00 to file /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin [ 2107.438598] wl12xx: power down Calibration done. FEM1 has 1 bands. AutoFEM is off. Resulting nvs is /lib/firmware/ti-connectivity/wl127x-nvs.bin
User space basics[edit | edit source]
Boot[edit | edit source]
[...cut...] [ 0.980000] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [...cut...] [ 12.950000] lib80211: common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers [ 12.960000] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'NULL' [...cut...] [ 13.190000] mmc1: card claims to support voltages below the defined range. These will be ignored. [ 13.210000] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x91 (3 bytes) [ 13.220000] mmc1: new SDIO card at address 0001 [ 13.220000] PM: Adding info for mmc:mmc1:0001 [ 13.230000] PM: Adding info for sdio:mmc1:0001:1 [ 13.370000] PM: Adding info for sdio:mmc1:0001:2 [ 13.380000] PM: Adding info for platform:wl1271 [ 13.380000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:phy0 [ 13.390000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:wlan0 [ 13.390000] wl1271: loaded [ 13.390000] wl1271: initialized
Dev Check[edit | edit source]
Check module loading and device creation:
ifconfig -a
[...cut...]
wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Set the wlan0 MAC address:
ifconfig wlan0 hw ether xx:yy:zz:kk:ww:jj
You can create a simple script: setwmac to set the MAC address:
Use:
setwmac 00:01:02:03:04:05
Example:
root@dm814x-evm:~# setwmac 00:50:C2:B9:CF:87 Disable Wlan0... Set Wlan MAC: 00:50:C2:B9:CF:87 Enable Wlan0... [ 36.960000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:mmc1:0001:2 [ 37.020000] PM: Removing info for No Bus:mmc1:0001:2 [ 37.020000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:mmc1:0001:2 [ 37.060000] PM: Removing info for No Bus:mmc1:0001:2 [ 37.220000] wl1271: firmware booted (Rev 6.1.0.50.350) Done!
Scan to find wireless network[edit | edit source]
iwlist wlan0 scan
Output example:
root@dm814x-evm:~# iwlist wlan0 scanning
wlan0 Scan completed :
Cell 01 - Address: 00:1F:1F:BD:24:30
Channel:11
Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
Quality=54/70 Signal level=-56 dBm
Encryption key:on
ESSID:"INTELLINET_AP"
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s
18 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Bit Rates:6 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s
Mode:Master
Extra:tsf=0000000041e910e9
Extra: Last beacon: 10ms ago
IE: Unknown: 000D494E54454C4C494E45545F4150
IE: Unknown: 010882848B961224486C
IE: Unknown: 03010B
IE: Unknown: 2A0104
IE: Unknown: 32040C183060
IE: Unknown: 2D1AEE1117FF000000010000000000000000000000000C0000000000
IE: Unknown: 3D160B070700000000000000000000000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 3E0100
IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
Group Cipher : CCMP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
Preauthentication Supported
IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00
IE: Unknown: 0B05010007127A
IE: Unknown: 7F0101
IE: Unknown: DD07000C4304000000
IE: Unknown: DD1E00904C33EE1117FF000000010000000000000000000000000C0000000000
IE: Unknown: DD1A00904C340B070700000000000000000000000000000000000000
Example: connecting to an encrypted wireless network[edit | edit source]
To connect to a secured AP use wpa_supplicant
Configure wireless security editing /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
Example:
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
eapol_version=1
ap_scan=0
fast_reauth=1
# Only WPA-PSK is used. Any valid cipher combination is accepted.
network={
ssid="INTELLINET_AP"
proto=WPA2
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP TKIP
group=CCMP TKIP
psk="davedavedave"
priority=2
}
Start with the following options:
wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -d -P/var/run/wpa_supplicant -B
Associate to AP
iwconfig wlan0 essid INTELLINET_AP
Log
[ 5102.560000] wlan0: authenticate with 00:1f:1f:bd:24:30 (try 1) [ 5102.560000] wlan0: authenticated [ 5102.610000] wlan0: associate with 00:1f:1f:bd:24:30 (try 1) [ 5102.610000] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:1f:1f:bd:24:30 (capab=0x411 status=0 aid=1) [ 5102.620000] wlan0: associated [ 5103.300000] wl1271: Association completed.
How to enable Bluetooth support on embedded linux platforms[edit | edit source]
Kernel Config[edit | edit source]
Edit kernel configuration adding support for Bluetooth and HCI protocol:
Networking Support
--- Bluetooth subsystem support
<*> L2CAP protocol support
<*> SCO links support
<*> RFCOMM protocol support
[*] RFCOMM TTY support
<*> BNEP protocol support
[*] Multicast filter support
[*] Protocol filter support
<*> HIDP protocol support
Bluetooth device drivers --->
<*> HCI USB driver
< > HCI SDIO driver
<*> HCI UART driver
[*] UART (H4) protocol support
[ ] BCSP protocol support
[ ] Atheros AR300x serial support
[*] HCILL protocol support
Module Firmware[edit | edit source]
Download the firmware binaries and copy them into <RFS>/lib/firmware:
- TIInit_7.2.31.bts
User space basics[edit | edit source]
Boot[edit | edit source]
[ 1.000000] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.15 [ 1.010000] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 1.020000] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [...cut...] [ 12.900000] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.2 [ 12.900000] Bluetooth: HCI H4 protocol initialized [ 12.900000] Bluetooth: HCILL protocol initialized [ 12.910000] Bluetooth: Generic Bluetooth USB driver ver 0.6 [...cut...] [ 13.080000] Bluetooth: L2CAP ver 2.15 [ 13.080000] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 13.080000] Bluetooth: SCO (Voice Link) ver 0.6 [ 13.090000] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 13.090000] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 13.100000] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 13.110000] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 13.110000] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 13.110000] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast [ 13.120000] Bluetooth: HIDP (Human Interface Emulation) ver 1.2
Install Bluez & Obex tools[edit | edit source]
From target, with opkg package manager (usually on Angstrom or other OpenEmbedded derived distributions):
opkg install bluez4 opkg install obex-data-server opkg install obexd opkg install obexftp
Manual startup[edit | edit source]
BT module Enable via GPIO 81
# export GPIO=/sys/class/gpio # echo 81 > $GPIO/export # echo out > $GPIO/gpio81/direction # echo 1 > $GPIO/gpio81/value [ 58.810000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:gpio81
BT Services[edit | edit source]
# bluetoothd # hciattach /dev/ttyO2 texas 3000000 flow Found a Texas Instruments' chip! Firmware file : /lib/firmware/TIInit_7.2.31.bts Loaded BTS script version 1 texas: changing baud rate to 3000000, flow control to 1 [ 63.120000] PM: Adding info for No Bus:hci0 Device setup complete
Scan devices[edit | edit source]
hcitool scan
Scanning ...
9C:4A:7B:F0:xx:xx device 1
00:07:AB:6F:xx:xx device 2
Add Services[edit | edit source]
To set the BT module name
hciconfig hci0 name <NOME>
To set the visibile services
sdptool add <SERVICE>
The available services are the following:
Services:
DID SP DUN LAN FAX OPUSH FTP PRINT HS HSAG HF HFAG SAP PBAP NAP
GN PANU HCRP HID KEYB WIIMOTE CIP CTP A2SRC A2SNK AVRCT AVRTG
UDIUE UDITE SEMCHLA SR1 SYNCML SYNCMLSERV ACTIVESYNC HOTSYNC
PALMOS NOKID PCSUITE NFTP NSYNCML NGAGE APPLE ISYNC GATT
Example 1 : Obex FTP server[edit | edit source]
For each visible service, the associated daemon should be launched. As an example, for the FTP service, you need to launch:
obexftpd -b
To send a file using FTP on Bluetooth:
obexftp -b MAC-BT-DESTINO -p FILE
