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MISC-TN-008: Running Debian Buster (armbian) on Mito8M

5,115 bytes removed, 16:06, 9 November 2020
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{{AppliesToMito8M}}
{{AppliesToSBCX}}
{{AppliesToSBC Axel TN}}
{{InfoBoxBottom}}
{{WarningMessage|text=This technical note was validated against specific versions of hardware and software. What is described here may not work with other versions.}}
==Testbed==
To a good extent, '''Mito8M is electrically and mechanically compatible with [[:Category:AxelLite|Axel Lite]]'''. For this reason, the testbed used for this TN is pretty similar to the one described [[SBCX-TN-004:_Running_Armbian_Buster_(Debian_10)|here]]. Even though the SBCX carrier board is designed to host Axel Lite, in fact, '''it supports Mito8M as well'''.
TBD insert picture
Apart from the SoM, the most relevant difference with [[File:SBCX-TN-004 is related to the file system. In this case, it was built for the <code>aarch64</code> architectureMito8M.jpg|thumb|center|600px|Mito8M SoM on SBCX carrier board]]
As in Apart from the SoM, the case of most relevant difference with SBCX-TN-004is related to the root file system. In this case, it was built for the <code>aarch64</code> architecture. The root file system was stored on a partition of the microSD card inserted in the slot J26.This partition is associated with the <code>/dev/mmcblk1p2</code> device file:<pre class="board-terminal">armbian@Mito8M:~$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTmmcblk0 179:0 0 7.3G 0 disk `-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 7.3G 0 part mmcblk0boot0 179:32 0 4M 1 disk mmcblk0boot1 179:64 0 4M 1 disk mmcblk0rpmb 179:96 0 4M 0 disk mmcblk1 179:128 0 14.6G 0 disk |-mmcblk1p1 179:129 0 42.9M 0 part `-mmcblk1p2 179:130 0 14.4G 0 part /</pre>
==Bootstrap process==
This section shows the complete bootstrap log retrieved from the serial console. To expand the box, please click on the ''Expand'' link on the top right corner.
<pre class="board-terminal mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
U-Boot SPL 2018.03-08018-g59e59e6f85-dirty (Nov 29 2019 - 12:42:16 +0100)
Password:
Last login: Tue Jan 14 16:57:06 CET 2020 on ttymxc0
____ __ __ _ _ ___ __ _ ___ | _ \/ (_)|_ __ ___ / / ( _ )| \/ || |\/| |_) | | '__/ _ \ / _ \ '_ \| |\/| |_| | __/| | | | | __/ (_) |__ (_) | | | ||_| |_|_| |_|\__\___|/ \___/ |_| |_|
Welcome to Armbian buster with Linux 4.14.98-g4c94e1dbaec2
Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpuid
</pre>
 
==Testbed general configuration==
This section illustrates the configuration settings common to all the tests performed.
 
====SoC and SDRAM bank organization====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!
!Mito8M
!
|-
| rowspan="2" |SoC
|SoC
|NXP i.MX8M Quad
|
|-
|ARM frequency
[MHz]
|800
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |SDRAM
|Type
|LPDDR4
|
|-
|Frequency
[MHz]
|1600
|
|-
|Bus witdth
[bit]
|32
|
|-
|Theoretical bandiwidth
[Gb/s]
|102.4
|
|-
|Size
[MB]
|3072
|
|}
 
====Software configuration====
 
* Linux kernel: 4.14.98
* Architecture: aarch64
* Governor: userspace @ 800 MHz
<pre class="board-terminal">
root@Mito8M:~# echo userspace > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
root@Mito8M:~# cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
userspace
root@Mito8M:~# cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
800000
</pre>
 
GCC
<pre class="board-terminal">
armbian@Mito8M:~/devel/lmbench$ gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/8/lto-wrapper
Target: aarch64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Debian 8.3.0-6' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-8 --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-bootstrap --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie --with-system-zlib --disable-libphobos --enable-multiarch --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 8.3.0 (Debian 8.3.0-6)
</pre>
 
 
==Results==
This section details the results that were achieved by the different benchmarks
 
===General configuration===
 
===Testbed #1===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!
!Mito8M
!
|-
|
|ARM frequency
[MHz]
|792
|
|-
|
|Frequency
[MHz]
|1600
|
|-
|
|Bus witdth
[bit]
|32
|
|}
 
==Detailed testing procedures==
This sections details how the benchmarks were configured and run on the testbed.
===STREAM===
 
====Building====
<pre class="board-terminal">
git clone https://github.com/jeffhammond/STREAM.git
make
</pre>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="makefile" line="line">
armbian@Mito8M:~/devel/STREAM$ cat Makefile
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -O2 -fopenmp
 
FC = gfortran-4.9
FFLAGS = -O2 -fopenmp
 
all: stream_c.exe
 
stream_f.exe: stream.f mysecond.o
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c mysecond.c
$(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c stream.f
$(FC) $(FFLAGS) stream.o mysecond.o -o stream_f.exe
 
stream_c.exe: stream.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) stream.c -o stream_c.exe
 
clean:
rm -f stream_f.exe stream_c.exe *.o
 
# an example of a more complex build line for the Intel icc compiler
stream.icc: stream.c
icc -O3 -xCORE-AVX2 -ffreestanding -qopenmp -DSTREAM_ARRAY_SIZE=80000000 -DNTIMES=20 stream.c -o stream.omp.AVX2.80M.20x.icc
</syntaxhighlight>
 
====Running====
<pre class="board-terminal">
armbian@Mito8M:~/devel/STREAM$ ./stream_c.exe
-------------------------------------------------------------
STREAM version $Revision: 5.10 $
-------------------------------------------------------------
This system uses 8 bytes per array element.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Array size = 10000000 (elements), Offset = 0 (elements)
Memory per array = 76.3 MiB (= 0.1 GiB).
Total memory required = 228.9 MiB (= 0.2 GiB).
Each kernel will be executed 10 times.
The *best* time for each kernel (excluding the first iteration)
will be used to compute the reported bandwidth.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Threads requested = 4
Number of Threads counted = 4
-------------------------------------------------------------
Your clock granularity/precision appears to be 1 microseconds.
Each test below will take on the order of 46427 microseconds.
(= 46427 clock ticks)
Increase the size of the arrays if this shows that
you are not getting at least 20 clock ticks per test.
-------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING -- The above is only a rough guideline.
For best results, please be sure you know the
precision of your system timer.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Function Best Rate MB/s Avg time Min time Max time
Copy: 6770.5 0.024010 0.023632 0.025117
Scale: 6093.2 0.027474 0.026259 0.029142
Add: 5263.5 0.046008 0.045597 0.046230
Triad: 4820.0 0.050297 0.049793 0.050723
-------------------------------------------------------------
Solution Validates: avg error less than 1.000000e-13 on all three arrays
-------------------------------------------------------------
</pre>
 
==Useful links==
*[https://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/ STREAM benchmark]
*[http://lmbench.sourceforge.net/ LM Bench benchmark]
*[https://panthema.net/2013/pmbw/ pmbw benchmark ]
*Joshua Wyatt Smith and Andrew Hamilton, [http://inspirehep.net/record/1424637/files/1719033_626-630.pdf Parallel benchmarks for ARM processors in the highenergy context]
*T Wrigley, G Harmsen and B Mellado, [http://inspirehep.net/record/1424631/files/1719033_275-280.pdf Memory performance of ARM processors and itsrelevance to High Energy Physics]
*G. T. Wrigley, R. G. Reed, B. Mellado, [http://inspirehep.net/record/1424637/files/1719033_626-630.pdf Memory benchmarking characterisation of ARM-based SoCs]
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