Difference between revisions of "LELK-AN-001: Package installation using opkg"
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| − | Once the system is restarted, the new openssh package will be activated using the installed scripts. | + | Once the system is restarted, the new openssh package will be activated using the installed scripts. For checking if the daemon is running, simply: |
<pre class="board-terminal"> | <pre class="board-terminal"> | ||
Revision as of 11:58, 12 December 2017
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Contents
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Thanks to the opkg packet manager installed on Yocto built root file system, Lizard module allows to install new packages (if available).
This task can be performed using DAVE Yocto pre-built package server available at the http://yocto.dave.eu address.
Installing packages on target (manually)[edit | edit source]
To use opkg at runtime first of all you need to enable the network interface with DNS configuration for accessing external http servers.
An example of network interface configuration for Internet access is described here below. Configuration can be done directly on serial console with the following commands:
root@sbc-lynx:~# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.94 root@sbc-lynx:~# route add default gw 192.168.0.254 root@sbc-lynx:~# echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
where 192.168.0.254 is the gateway address and 8.8.8.8 is the DNS server (in this case Google's one).
Once the network interface is configured, the DAVE's Yocto Lizard package server can be accessed for package downloading:
root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/pack_name
Where:
cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2is the package directoryhttp://yocto.dave.eu/lizardis the URL of the webserver
For example:
root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-sftp_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Connecting to yocto.dave.eu (79.143.179.155:80) openssh-sftp_6.1p1-r 100% |*******************************| 46000 0:00:00 ETA root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-keygen_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Connecting to yocto.dave.eu (79.143.179.155:80)0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk openssh-keygen_6.1p1 100% |*******************************| 79936 0:00:00 ETA root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-sshd_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Connecting to yocto.dave.eu (79.143.179.155:80) openssh-sshd_6.1p1-r 100% |*******************************| 188k 0:00:00 ETA root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-ssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Connecting to yocto.dave.eu (79.143.179.155:80) openssh-ssh_6.1p1-r0 100% |*******************************| 161k 0:00:00 ETA root@lizard:~# wget http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Connecting to yocto.dave.eu (79.143.179.155:80) openssh_6.1p1-r0-ara 100% |*******************************| 890 0:00:00 ETA root@lizard:~#
After the required packages have been download, you need to install them using opkg:
root@lizard:~# opkg
opkg must have one sub-command argument
usage: opkg [options...] sub-command [arguments...]
where sub-command is one of:
Package Manipulation:
update Update list of available packages
upgrade Upgrade installed packages
install <pkgs> Install package(s)
configure <pkgs> Configure unpacked package(s)
remove <pkgs|regexp> Remove package(s)
flag <flag> <pkgs> Flag package(s)
<flag>=hold|noprune|user|ok|installed|unpacked (one per invocation)
Informational Commands:
list List available packages
list-installed List installed packages
list-upgradable List installed and upgradable packages
list-changed-conffiles List user modified configuration files
files <pkg> List files belonging to <pkg>
search <file|regexp> List package providing <file>
info [pkg|regexp] Display all info for <pkg>
status [pkg|regexp] Display all status for <pkg>
download <pkg> Download <pkg> to current directory
compare-versions <v1> <op> <v2>
compare versions using <= < > >= = << >>
print-architecture List installable package architectures
depends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatdepends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatdependsrec [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatrecommends[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatsuggests[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatprovides [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatconflicts [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
whatreplaces [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
Options:
-A Query all packages not just those installed
-V[<level>] Set verbosity level to <level>.
--verbosity[=<level>] Verbosity levels:
0 errors only
1 normal messages (default)
2 informative messages
3 debug
4 debug level 2
-f <conf_file> Use <conf_file> as the opkg configuration file
--conf <conf_file>
--cache <directory> Use a package cache
-d <dest_name> Use <dest_name> as the the root directory for
--dest <dest_name> package installation, removal, upgrading.
<dest_name> should be a defined dest name from
the configuration file, (but can also be a
directory name in a pinch).
-o <dir> Use <dir> as the root directory for
--offline-root <dir> offline installation of packages.
--add-arch <arch>:<prio> Register architecture with given priority
--add-dest <name>:<path> Register destination with given path
--prefer-arch-to-version Use the architecture priority package rather
than the higher version one if more
than one candidate is found.
Force Options:
--force-depends Install/remove despite failed dependencies
--force-maintainer Overwrite preexisting config files
--force-reinstall Reinstall package(s)
--force-overwrite Overwrite files from other package(s)
--force-downgrade Allow opkg to downgrade packages
--force-space Disable free space checks
--force-postinstall Run postinstall scripts even in offline mode
--force-remove Remove package even if prerm script fails
--noaction No action -- test only
--download-only No action -- download only
--nodeps Do not follow dependencies
--force-removal-of-dependent-packages
Remove package and all dependencies
--autoremove Remove packages that were installed
automatically to satisfy dependencies
-t Specify tmp-dir.
--tmp-dir Specify tmp-dir.
regexp could be something like 'pkgname*' '*file*' or similar
e.g. opkg info 'libstd*' or opkg search '*libop*' or opkg remove 'libncur*'
root@lizard:~#
For example, for the openssh packages previously downloaded, you can install the packages on the target with the following command:
root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh-keygen_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh-keygen (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root...go0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6 Configuring openssh-keygen. root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh-scp_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh-scp (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Configuring openssh-scp. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/scp to /usr/bin/scp.openssh root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh-sftp_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh-sftp (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Configuring openssh-sftp. root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh-ssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh-ssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Configuring openssh-ssh. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/ssh to /usr/bin/ssh.openssh root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh-sshd_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh-sshd (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Running useradd commands... Note: username sshd already exists, not re-creating it Configuring openssh-sshd. Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/sshd. Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd done. root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Configuring openssh. root@lizard:~#
Once the system is restarted, the new openssh package will be activated using the installed scripts. For checking if the daemon is running, simply:
root@lizard:~# ps | grep ssh
660 root 3916 S /usr/sbin/sshd
747 root 3964 S {sshd} sshd: root@pts/0
754 root 1780 S grep ssh
root@lizard:~#
 The package dependencies will NOT be resolved automatically. |
For example:
root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk Installing openssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Collected errors: * satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for openssh: * openssh-ssh * openssh-keygen * openssh-sshd * * opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package openssh. root@lizard:~#
Installing packages on target (using feed)[edit | edit source]
We need to tell opkg on the embedded system where to look for packages.
The opkg configuration file is /etc/opkg/opkg.conf.
Edit the opkg.conf file to look like this:
root@lizard:~# vi /etc/opkg/opkg.conf # Must have one or more source entries of the form: # # src <src-name> <source-url> # # and one or more destination entries of the form: # # dest <dest-name> <target-path> # # where <src-name> and <dest-names> are identifiers that # should match [a-zA-Z0-9._-]+, <source-url> should be a # URL that points to a directory containing a Familiar # Packages file, and <target-path> should be a directory # that exists on the target system.
and add the following server:
src/gz cortexa8hf-vfp-neon http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/ src/gz all http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all
root@lizard:~# opkg update Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/all/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/any/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv5ehf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv5hf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv5tehf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv5thf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv6hf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv6thf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv7ahf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv7ahf-vfp-neon/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv7at2hf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/armv7at2hf-vfp-neon/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/cortexa8hf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/cortexa8t2hf-vfp/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/cortexa8t2hf-vfp-neon/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/noarch/Packages.gz. wget: server returned error: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/Packages.gz. Inflating http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/Packages.gz. Updated list of available packages in /var/lib/opkg/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon. Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all/Packages.gz. Inflating http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/all/Packages.gz. Updated list of available packages in /var/lib/opkg/all.
Then, simply, instruct opkg to install the required package, for example:
root@lizard:~# opkg install openssh Installing openssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-scp (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-scp_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing update-alternatives-cworth (1:0.1.8+svnr649-r13.0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/update-alternatives-cworth_0.1.8+svnr649-r13.0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-ssh (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-ssh_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-keygen (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-keygen_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing openssh-sshd (6.1p1-r0-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/openssh-sshd_6.1p1-r0-arago0_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing shadow (4.1.4.3-r13) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/shadow_4.1.4.3-r13_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Installing shadow-securetty (4.1.4.3-r2-arago0) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/lizard/shadow-securetty_4.1.4.3-r2-arago0_lizard.ipk. Installing base-passwd (3.5.26-r2) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/lizard/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2/base-passwd_3.5.26-r2_cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-2.6.37.2.ipk. Running useradd commands... Note: username sshd already exists, not re-creating it Installing update-rc.d (0.7-r5) to root... Downloading http://yocto.dave.eu/suce/all/update-rc.d_0.7-r5_all.ipk. Configuring shadow-securetty. Configuring update-alternatives-cworth. Configuring openssh-ssh. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/ssh to /usr/bin/ssh.openssh Configuring openssh-scp. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/scp to /usr/bin/scp.openssh Configuring openssh-keygen. Configuring base-passwd. Configuring shadow. update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/passwd to /usr/bin/passwd.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/chfn to /usr/bin/chfn.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/newgrp to /usr/bin/newgrp.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/chsh to /usr/bin/chsh.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/bin/groups to /usr/bin/groups.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //usr/sbin/chpasswd to /usr/sbin/chpasswd.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //bin/login to /bin/login.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //sbin/vipw to /sbin/vipw.shadow update-alternatives: Linking //sbin/vigr to /sbin/vigr.shadow Configuring openssh-sshd. System startup links for /etc/init.d/sshd already exist. Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshdstopped /usr/sbin/sshd (pid 910) . Configuring update-rc.d. Configuring openssh. root@lizard:~#
Installed packages[edit | edit source]
To see which packages are installed, it is possibile to use the list-installed option:
root@lizard:~# opkg list-installed | grep openssh openssh - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-keygen - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-scp - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-sftp - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-ssh - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 openssh-sshd - 6.1p1-r0-arago0 root@lizard:~#
