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{{ImportantMessage|text=The procedure described here was tested with a physical machine. In case of a virtual machine such as the [[Managed_Virtual_Machine_This article shows how to (MVMre)|MVM]]create the bootable SD card, it might not work properly. Also, it is worth remembering that USB controller of from the MVM is disabled binary images produced by default. See also the DESK-MX-L Yocto build, using a standard SD image flasher like [[MVM_FAQs#Qhttps:_How_to_use_the_USB_devices_connected_to_the_host_machine//etcher.balena.3F|this section]io/ balenaEtcher].}}

This article shows how to create a bootable microSD for the [[DESK-MX8M-L/General/Release_Notes_(DESK-MX8M-L){|DESKclass="wikitable" style="text-MX8M-L Release Notes] kit by using a simple bash script. <br>'''Notealign:''' Starting from this release the support for the SPL has been introduced in Uboot. Previous versions of this script will no longer produce a fully functional and bootable microSD card. <br>center" The procedure has been tested on a Linux PC running Ubuntu LTS (>=16.04) distribution with *a 16 GB microSD card [1]*the binary files delivered along with the |[[File:DESK-MX8MMP1-L/General/Release_Notes#Downloadable_binary_images|DESKMX8M-L 21.0.0]]balenaEtcher unpack.The resulting card is partitioned as depicted [[ORCA_SOM/ORCA_Evaluation_Kit/Getting_started/Unboxing#microSD_Layout|here]]. The script - named <code>mksd.sh</code> - can be realized with the following code:<pre>#!/bin/bash if [[ -z $1 png|center| -z $2 thumb|200x200px| -z $3 || -z $4 Unpacking]]then echo "$0 Usage:" echo " $0 <device> <flash.bin> <binaries directory> <rootfs tar.bz2>" echo " Example: $0 /dev/sdc flash.bin binaries/ rootfs.tar.bz2" exitfi if [ "$(whoami)" != "root" ]then echo "you must be root to run this script!" exitfi if ! |[[ File:DESK-b $1 ]]then echo "$1 is not a valid block device!" exitfi if ! [[ MP1-e $2 ]]then echo "Incorrect flash.bin location!" exitfi if ! [[ L-d $3 ]]then echo "Incorrect Binaries location!" exitfi if ! [[ -f $4 ]]then echo "Incorrect rootfs location!" exitfi DRIVE=$1if [[ "$DRIVE" == *"mmcblk"* ]]then echo "You're using a mmc device, I need to fix partition names" PART="p"else PART=""fiBOOT=$2BINARIES=$3RFS=$4 echo "All data on "$DRIVE" now will be destroyed! Continue? [y/n]"read ansif ! [ $ans == 'y' ]then exitfi echo "[Partitioning $1.0.0 balenaEtcher flash.]" dd if=/dev/zero of=$DRIVE bs=1024 count=1024 SIZE=`fdisk -l $DRIVE png| grep Disk center| awk '{print $5}'` echo DISK SIZE - $SIZE bytes CYLINDERS=`echo $SIZE/255/63/512 thumb| bc` # check if we're running an old (e.g. 2.20.x) or new (e.g. 2.24.x) sfdisksfdisk --help 200x200px| grep -- -H if [ "$?" -eq "0" Flashing]]then { echo 40,1380,0x0c,* echo 1420,,83,- } | sfdisk -D -H 255 -S 63 -C $CYLINDERS $DRIVEelse{ echo 16M,8176M,0x0c,* echo 8192M,,83,-} | sfdisk $DRIVEfi partprobe  echo "[Making filesystems...]"mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n BOOT "$DRIVE$PART"1 #> /dev/nullmkfs.ext3 -F -L ROOTFS "$DRIVE$PART"2 #> /dev/null echo "[Copying files...]" binaries_dir=${BINARIES%/}mount "$DRIVE$PART"1 /mntcp -av --no-preserve=ownership $binaries_dir/* /mnt/umount "$DRIVE$PART"1 echo "[Extracting rfs (this may take a while...)]"mount "$DRIVE$PART"2 /mnttar jxf $RFS -C /mnt > /dev/nullchmod 755 /mntumount "$DRIVE$PART"2 echo "[Programming flash.bin]"dd if=$BOOT of=$DRIVE bs=1k seek=32 conv=fsync echo "[Done]"</pre>{{ImportantMessage|text=if you are making a uSD for MITO 8M Mini SOM, then the last line must be modified with '''dd if=$BOOT of=$DRIVE bs=1k seek=33'''.}} Here is an example that shows how to use this script. Let's assume that the binary files were downloaded in the <code>sdcard</code> subdirectory of the working directory. Before invoking the script, the following files has to be renamed in order to make them compatible with the default U-Boot environment variablesFile:* bootscript: <code>boot.scr</code>* Linux kernel: <code>Image</code>* Device tree blob: <code>imx8mpDESK-mito8mplusMP1-cb1008.dtb</code> or <code>imx8mm-mito8mmini.dtb</code> This is the list of the binary files that will be used by the script: <pre class="workstation-terminal">dvdk@vagrant:~/desk-mx-l/sdcard$ ls -laR.:total 734040drwxrwxr-x 3 dvdk dvdk 4096 Feb 16 09:41 .drwxr-xr-x 7 dvdk dvdk 4096 Feb 16 09:21 ..drwxrwxr-x 2 dvdk dvdk 4096 Feb 16 09:41 binaries-rwxrwxr-x 1 dvdk dvdk 743273295 Feb 16 09:34 dave-image-devel-desk-mx8mp.tar.bz2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1304608 Feb 16 09:32 flash.bin-rwxrwxr-x 1 dvdk dvdk 1908 Feb 16 09:22 mksd.sh ./binaries:total 27604drwxrwxr-x 2 dvdk dvdk 4096 Feb 16 09:41 .drwxrwxr-x 3 dvdk dvdk 4096 Feb 16 09:41 ..-rw-rw-r-- 1 dvdk dvdk 695 Feb 16 09:41 boot.scr-rw-r--r-- 1 dvdk dvdk 28150272 Feb 16 09:35 Image-rw-r--r-- 1 dvdk dvdk 40521 Feb 16 09:35 imx8mm-mito8mmini.dtb-rw-r--r-- 1 dvdk dvdk 58111 Feb 16 09:35 imx8mp-mito8mplus-cb1008.dtbdvdk@vagrant:~/desk-mx-l/sdcard$ </pre>You can now run the script, by passing the following parameters:*Device file of the microSD card (<code>/dev/sdb</code> in the example)*Boot image*Path of the directory containing the bootscript file, the Linux kernel image, and the device tree blob files*Archive of the target's root file system (compressed as <code>.tar.bz2</code> file).<pre class="workstation-terminal">dvdk@vagrant:~/deskL-mx-l/sdcard$ sudo ./mksd.sh /dev/sdb flash.bin binaries/ dave-image-devel-desk-mx8mp.tar.bz2All data on /dev/sdb now will be destroyed! Continue? [y/n]y[Partitioning /dev/sdb...]1024+0 records in1024+0 records out1048576 bytes (1.0 MB, 1.0 MiB) copied, 3balenaEtcher valid.03198 s, 346 kB/sDISK SIZE - 15931539456 bytesChecking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 14.9 GiB, 15931539456 bytes, 31116288 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes >>> Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcd2d3b4e.Created a new partition 1 of type 'W95 FAT32 (LBA)' and of size 8 GiB./dev/sdb2: Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 6.9 GiB./dev/sdb3: New situation: Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type/dev/sdb1 * 32768 16777215 16744448 8G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)/dev/sdb2 16777216 31116287 14339072 6.9G 83 Linux The partition table has been altered.Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.[Making filesystems...]mkfs.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)Creating filesystem with 1792384 4k blocks and 448800 inodesFilesystem UUID: ce8daece-3f58-4b43-bd11-7bafd10bba73Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done  [Copying files...]'binaries/boot.scr' -> '/mnt/boot.scr''binaries/Image' -> '/mnt/Image''binaries/imx8mm-mito8mmini.dtb' -> '/mnt/imx8mm-mito8mmini.dtb''binaries/imx8mp-mito8mplus-cb1008.dtb' -> '/mnt/imx8mp-mito8mplus-cb1008.dtb'[Extracting rfs (this may take a while...)][Programming flash.bin]1274+0 records in1274+0 records out1304608 bytes (1.3 MB, 1.3 MiB) copied, 4.1375 s, 344 kB/s[Done]dvdk@vagrant:~/desk-mx-l/sdcard$ </pre> [1] In case you have a different size, you'll need to change the <code>sfdisk</code> parameters accordingly. ===boot.scr === Once you got the new binaries compiled from your modified sources, they have to be installed on the first SD partition preserving the original file names used into <i>boot.scr</i> u-boot bootscript. Here below there is an example on how to create a <code>boot.scr</code> file from the '''bootscript.txt''' for booting from SD card: * for [[ORCA SOM png|center|thumb|200x200px| ORCA SOMValidating]]<pre>echo 'bootscript generated with command "mkimage -A ARM -T script -C none -n DESK-MX8M -d bootscript.txt boot.scr"' setenv fdtfile imx8mp-mito8mplus-cb1008.dtbsetenv bootfile Imagesetenv mmc_loadk 'fatload mmc ${sd_dev}:1 ${loadaddr} ${bootfile}'setenv mmc_loadfdt 'fatload mmc ${sd_dev}:1 ${fdt_addr} ${fdtfile}'setenv mmcboot 'run mmc_loadk; run mmc_loadfdt; run bootk'setenv bootargs 'console=ttymxc1,115200 earlycon=ec_imx6q,0x30890000,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk1p2'setenv bootk 'booti ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}' echo Booting DESK-MX8M via mmcboot with ${fdtfile} as device tree run mmcboot echo mmcboot FAILURE</pre> * for [[MITO 8M Mini SOM | MITO 8M Mini SOM]]<pre>echo 'bootscript generated with command "mkimage -A ARM -T script -C none -n DESK-MX8M -d bootscript.txt boot.scr"' setenv fdtfile imx8mm-mito8mmini.dtbsetenv bootfile Imagesetenv mmc_loadk 'fatload mmc ${sd_dev}:1 ${loadaddr} ${bootfile}'setenv mmc_loadfdt 'fatload mmc ${sd_dev}:1 ${fdt_addr} ${fdtfile}'setenv mmcboot 'run mmc_loadk; run mmc_loadfdt; run bootk'setenv bootargs 'console=ttymxc1,115200 earlycon=ec_imx6q,0x30890000,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk1p2'setenv bootk 'booti ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}'

echo Booting DESK=== SD card structure ===The created SD card has the following structure:* raw sectors for the bootloader storage: tipically this is a 8MB raw part where storing the bootloader binaries (like <code>imx8mp_flash.bin</code>) for the bootrom startup* <code>FAT32</code> first partition: this will be mapped to the <code>/dev/mmcblk1p1</code> device in Linux** usually this partition contains the Linux kernel binary and the device tree blob** the splash screen image is stored in this partition too for a splash image showing during U-MX8M via mmcboot with ${fdtfile} as Boot startup* <code>ext4</code> second partition: this will be mapped to the <code>/dev/mmcblk1p2</code> device treein Linux** this partition contains the Linux ''root file system''

The Yocto build take care about the overall binary consistance (like kernel modules and compile it using:so on) avoiding to mistmatch different version.

<pre>mkimage -A ARM -T script -C none -n DESK-MX8M -d bootscriptMoreover, the SD card is intended to be used during the development process and not for the production phase (where other deployment specifications and details have to be taken into account).txt boot.scr</pre>