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We'll explain how to program and configure a <SOM> to boot in standalone mode, without the need of a system microSD card or an NFS server, with threee three options:

It is supposed tat that the proper filenames are configured on uU-boot Boot variables. Those files should be available on TFTP server. In the following examples, we use the boot images:

spl=desk-mx-l/SPLdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_SPLubootimg=desk-mx-l/udesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_u-boot.imgbootfile=desk-mx-l/uImagedesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_uImagefdtfile=desk-mx-l/imx6qdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_imx6q-sbcx-cb0012.dtb

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-boot Boot too:

====uU-Boot====

Update to the latest uU-boot Boot version allows usage of uU-boot Boot environment variables available.

Filename 'desk-mx-l/SPLdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_SPL'.

Filename 'desk-mx-l/udesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_u-boot.img'.

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

Filename 'desk-mx-l/uImagedesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_uImage'.

Filename 'desk-mx-l/imx6qdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_imx6q-sbcx-cb0012.dtb'.

====uU-Boot====

uU-boot Boot SPL on NAND flash must be programmed using NXP <code>kobs-ng</code> utility and the second stage using the <code>nandwrite</code>: this tool is required for writing the correct uU-boot Boot image on NAND storing all information needed by bootrom to identify the NAND as a boot device.

* uses a rfs with <b>kobs-ng</b> utility available on it (e.g. DAVE's rfs provided with <KIT>[[DESK-MX6-L | DESK-MX6-L]])* copy the related uU-boot Boot imx image file on nfs /home/root (for example)* execute ''kobs-ng'' passing the parameters for flashing uU-boot Boot on NAND

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# kobs-ng -x -v -f w desk-mx6-l-14.0.0_mx6qdldesk_nand_SPL

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# flash_erase /dev/mtd1 0 0Erasing 128 Kibyte @ 5e0000 -- 100 % completeroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# nandwrite -p /dev/mtd1 desk-mx6-l-14.0.0_mx6qdldesk_nand_u-boot.img

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

U-Boot => run loadk nand_updatek loadfdt nand_updatefdt

TFTP from server 192.168.4.210; our IP address is 192.168.4.63Filename 'desk-mx-l/uImagedesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_uImage'.

################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ########### 1.2 MiB/s

Bytes transferred = 7031520 8038640 (6b4ae0 7aa8f0 hex)

NAND write: device 0 offset 0xc00000, size 0x6b4ae00x7aa8f0 7031520 8038640 bytes written: OK

TFTP from server 192.168.04.13210; our IP address is 192.168.04.9063Filename 'desk-mx-l/imx6qdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_imx6dl-sbcx-cb0012.dtb'.

564980.5 KiB/s

Bytes transferred = 53760 52247 (d200 cc17 hex)

NAND write: device 0 offset 0xa00000, size 0xd2000xcc17 53760 52247 bytes written: OK=>

 ====uU-Boot====Update to the latest uU-boot Boot version allows usage of uU-boot Boot environment variables available.

mmc_update=> printenv mmc_update_spl mmc_update_spl=mmc dev; setexpr blocks ${filesize} / 0x200; setexpr blocks ${blocks} + 1; mmc write ${loadaddr} 2 ${blocks}=> printenv mmc_update_uboot mmc_update_uboot=mmc dev; setexpr blocks ${filesize} / 0x200; setexpr blocks ${blocks} + 1; mmc write ${loadaddr} 0x8a ${blocks}

Load uU-boot Boot binary form a <code>tftp</code> server:

=> run load_spl

TFTP from server 192.168.04.125240; our IP address is 192.168.04.9049Filename 'desk-mx-l/SPLdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_SPL'.

5601.5 KiB1 MiB/s

Bytes transferred = 56320 60416 (dc00 ec00 hex)=> run mmc_update_spl

mmc2(part 0) mmc0 is current device (eMMCSD)

MMC write: dev # 20, block # 2, count 1313 119 ... 1313 119 blocks written: OK=> run load_uboot

TFTP from server 192.168.04.125240; our IP address is 192.168.04.9049Filename 'desk-mx-l/udesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_u-boot.img'.

########################################################## 10091.8 KiB5 MiB/s

Bytes transferred = 569864 624932 (8b208 98924 hex)=> run mmc_update_uboot

mmc2 mmc0 is current device (eMMCSD)

MMC write: dev # 20, block # 138, count 1114 1221 ... 1114 1221 blocks written: OK=>

Load uU-boot Boot binary form from an <code>SD</code> card:

=> fatload mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} SPLdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_SPL

=> fatload mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} udesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_u-boot.img

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

mmcboot=run mmcargs addcons addmisc; if run mmc_loadk; then if run mmc_loadfdt; then if run configid_fixupfdt; then bootm ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr}; fi; fi; fi

Then, uU-boot Boot uses the previous listed commands for reading the binary images and starting the linux bootstrap from the ''MMC part 2'' (which is reserved for the root-file system storage).

The following uU-boot Boot environment variables are present for this purposes:

The following environment variables should be configured for uU-boot Boot properly reading the boot files from the first SD card partition, e.g.

=> setenv bootfile uImagedesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_uImage=> setenv fdtfile imx6qdesk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_imx6dl-sbcx-cb0012.dtb

* Boot the system via SD or NFS as described in the e [[(<KIT>)#Quick_start_guideDESK-MX6-L/General/Booting_from_NFS |Quick start guideBooting from nfs]]wiki page.* By default, the NAND is already partitioned to allow booting from NAND-only (see next section) and, thus, some partitions are reserved for uU-boot Boot and kernel images. Here we won't modify this default configuration. The [[Memory Tecnology Device (MTD)|MTD]] partitions can be dumped with <code>/proc/mtd</code> (the partition's name should be self-explanatory)

{{ImportantMessage|text=Please note that MTD partition index may change depending of flash device availability, flash device size, uU-boot Boot environment variables or kernel device driver load order. Always take care of looking inside <code>/proc/mtd</code> to match your specific layout}}

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# ubiformat /dev/mtd8

libscan: scanning eraseblock 7999 -- 100 % complete ubiformat: 8000 eraseblocks have valid erase counter, mean value is 1116ubiformat: formatting eraseblock 7999 -- 100 % complete root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# ubiattach -m 8[ 1714 201.823600648474] UBIubi0: attaching mtd8 to ubi0[ 1726 203.415587638158] UBIubi0: scanning is finished[ 1726 203.483765658702] UBIubi0: attached mtd8 (name "nand-ubi", size 1000 MiB) to ubi0[ 1726 203.491062664827] UBIubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes[ 1726 203.498301672513] UBIubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048[ 1726 203.505030679330] UBIubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096[ 1726 203.512430687928] UBIubi0: good PEBs: 8000, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0[ 1726 203.518861694456] UBIubi0: user volume: 0, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128[ 1726 203.526025702103] UBIubi0: max/mean erase counter: 3121/2117, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 623070258493697587[ 1726 203.535433711974] UBIubi0: available PEBs: 7836, total reserved PEBs: 164, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 160[ 1726 203.545260721987] UBIubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 714635UBI device number 0, total 8000 LEBs (1015808000 bytes, 968.8 7 MiB), available 7836 LEBs (994983936 bytes, 948.9 8 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB)root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# ubimkvol /dev/ubi0 -N rootfs -m

Volume ID 0, size 7836 LEBs (994983936 bytes, 948.9 8 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB), dynamic, name "rootfs", alignment 1

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# mkdir -p /mnt/nandroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# mount -t ubifs ubi0_0 /mnt/nand[ 1810 226.301461375941] UBIFS(ubi0:0): default file-system created[ 1810 226.308952381545] UBIFS(ubi0:0): Mounting in unauthenticated mode[ 226.387403] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 717641[ 1810 226.452274421704] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"[ 1810 226.459421429128] UBIFS(ubi0:0): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes[ 1810 226.469398440000] UBIFS(ubi0:0): FS size: 992698368 bytes (946 MiB, 7818 LEBs), max 7836 LEBs, journal size 33521664 bytes (31 MiB, 264 LEBs)[ 1810 226.480976452510] UBIFS(ubi0:0): reserved for root: 4952683 bytes (4836 KiB)[ 1810 226.487210459239] UBIFS(ubi0:0): media format: w4w5/r0 (latest is w4w5/r0), UUID 99D0F3C62AC18D3A-5955E457-4B3047E0-9E2D9BD1-72202281BD3078A7C3483B73, small LPT model

tar xvjf deskdave-image-qt5devel-desk-mx6.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/nand

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# umount /mnt/nand/[ 2446 238.743091072434] UBIFS(ubi0:0): un-mount UBI device 0, volume 0[ 2446 238.749670077232] UBIFS(ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" stopsroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# ubidetach -m 8[ 2450 240.738153786549] UBIubi0: detaching mtd8 from ubi0[ 2450 240.759527798612] UBIubi0: mtd8 is detached from ubi0

* Boot the system via SD or NFS as described in the e [[(<KIT>)#Quick_start_guideDESK-MX6-L/General/Booting_from_NFS |Quick start guideBooting from nfs]]wiki page

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# ./sdcard-partition.sh /dev/mmcblk2

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# mount /dev/mmcblk2p1 /mnt/emmc

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# cd /mnt/emmcroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/desk-mx/linux/desk-mx-14.0.0*dtb .root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/desk-mx/linux/desk-mx-14.0.0*uImage .root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/desk-mx/linux/splash_image.bmp .root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc# cdroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# umount /mnt/emmc

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# mount /dev/mmcblk2p2 /mnt/emmc

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# cd /mnt/emmcroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc#

tar xvjf axeldave-image-qt5devel-imx6qdlxelk.tardesk-mx6.tar.bz2-C /mnt/emmc

root@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:/mnt/emmc# cdroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# umount /mnt/emmcroot@imx6qdlxelkdesk-mx6:~# reboot

then, the uU-boot Boot <code>environment</code> has to be properly configured:

[ 23.884838859646] 9 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device gpmi-nand[ 3.865861] Creating 9 MTD partitions on "gpmi-nand":[ 23.889901870924] 0x000000000000-0x000000200000 : "nand-SPL"[ 23.904875885045] 0x000000200000-0x000000800000 : "nand-uboot"[ 23.914921895099] 0x000000800000-0x000000900000 : "nand-env1"[ 23.924903905059] 0x000000900000-0x000000a00000 : "nand-env2"[ 23.934931915071] 0x000000a00000-0x000000b00000 : "nand-fdt"[ 23.944880925049] 0x000000b00000-0x000000c00000 : "nand-spare"[ 23.954958935124] 0x000000c00000-0x000001400000 : "nand-kernel"[ 23.964920945057] 0x000001400000-0x000001800000 : "nand-splash"[ 23.974934955104] 0x000001800000-0x000020000000 0x000040000000 : "nand-ubi"

[ 45.708969559821] ubi0: attaching mtd8[ 97.673466990342] ubi0: scanning is finished[ 98.702506021500] ubi0: attached mtd8 (name "nand-ubi", size 488 1000 MiB)[ 98.708522027595] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes[ 98.715452034504] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048[ 98.722260041299] ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096[ 98.729329048291] ubi0: good PEBs: 39038000, bad PEBs: 10, corrupted PEBs: 0[ 98.735502054414] ubi0: user volume: 1, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128[ 98.742759061644] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 1763/1152, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 855057006819217695[ 98.752222070886] ubi0: available PEBs: 160, total reserved PEBs: 38878000, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 79160[ 98.761688080359] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 140157[ 8.164282] UBIFS (ubi0:0): Mounting in unauthenticated mode[ 98.815346170156] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 141163[ 98.941878210063] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"[ 98.949339217549] UBIFS (ubi0:0): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes[ 98.959283227505] UBIFS (ubi0:0): FS size: 480985088 992698368 bytes (458 946 MiB, 3788 7818 LEBs), journal size 24125440 33521664 bytes (23 31 MiB, 190 264 LEBs)[ 98.970279238514] UBIFS (ubi0:0): reserved for root: 4952683 bytes (4836 KiB)[ 98.976924245169] UBIFS (ubi0:0): media format: w4w5/r0 (latest is w5/r0), UUID 759D6A88BEC33049-1C15213B-42934D02-BA54A9CE-6D740D559A465F0D7EB5DAA8, small LPT model[ 98.991302257174] VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:13.[ 9.999829] devtmpfs: mounted[ 10.003881] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024KINIT: version 214.88 booting

[ 3 5.938852] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch, assuming write-enable[ 3.952617061660] mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address aaaa[ 3 5.071528] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SC16G 14.8 GiB[ 5.958846071528] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SC16G 14.8 GiB[ 3 5.972173088454] mmcblk0: p1 p2

[ 4 5.782443681176] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)[ 4 5.790648689678] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 ext3 filesystem) on device 179:2.[ 4 5.807855707149] devtmpfs: mounted[ 4 5.811984713124] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024K