from<section begin="History" />

!colspan="4" style="width:100%; text-align:left"; border-bottom:solid 2px #ededed"|History

!style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#73B2C7; padding:5px; color:white"|VersionIssue Date!style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#73B2C7; padding:5px; color:white"|Issue DateNotes|-| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |{{oldid|14111|2021/07/16}}| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |First DESK release|-| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |{{oldid|16034|2022/02/13}}| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |U-Boot root file system parameters|-| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |{{oldid|16993|2022/04/22}}| style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#edf8fb; padding:5px; color:#000000" |DESK-MX6-L 3.0.0 release |-!style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#ededed; padding:5px; color:#000000" |2023/04/07! style="border-left:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-right:solid 2px #73B2C7;border-top:solid 2px #73B2C7; border-bottom:solid 2px #73B2C7; background-color:#ededed; padding:5px; color:white#000000"|NotesDESK-MX6-L 4.0.0 release

<section end="History" /><section begin="Body" />

We'll explain how to program and configure a <SOM> to boot in standalone mode, without the need of a system microSD card or an NFS server, with threee three options:

It is supposed that the proper filenames are configured on U-Boot variables. Those files should be available on TFTP server. In the following examples, we use the boot images: <pre>spl=desk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_SPLubootimg=desk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_u-boot.imgbootfile=desk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_uImagefdtfile=udesk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_imx6q-sbcx-cb0012.dtb</pre> We assume that the following environment variables are present in U-Boot====too:

<pre>load_spl=tftp ${loadaddr} ${spl}load_uboot=tftp ${loaddr} ${ubootimg}spi_update_spl=sf probe; sf erase 0 10000;sf write ${loadaddr} 400 ${filesize}spi_update_uboot=sf probe; sf erase 10000 f0000;sf write ${loadaddr} 10000 ${filesize}</pre> ====U-Boot==== Update to the latest uU-boot Boot version allows usage of uU-boot Boot environment variables available.

=> run loadload_splUsing FEC deviceTFTP from server 192.168.0.125; our IP address is 192.168.0.90Filename 'desk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_spi_SPL'.Load address: 0x12000000Loading: ############ 560.5 KiB/sdoneBytes transferred = 56320 (dc00 hex)=> run spi_update_splSF: Detected s25fl256s_64k with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 64 KiB, total 32 MiBSF: 65536 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OKdevice 0 offset 0x400, size 0xdc00SF: 56320 bytes @ 0x400 Written: OK=> run load_uboot

TFTP from server 192.168.0.13125; our IP address is 192.168.0.90Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/udesk-boot/sdvxmx6-l-14.0.0_mx6dl_sfczg_spi_u0_mx6qdldesk_spi_u-boot.imximg'.

################################################################# ## 11009.4 MiB8 KiB/s

Bytes transferred = 671788 569864 (a402c 8b208 hex)=> run spi_updatespi_update_ubootSF: Detected S25FL256S s25fl256s_64k with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 64 KiB, total 32 MiBSF: 983040 bytes @ 0x10000 Erased: OKdevice 0 offset 0x10000, size 0x8b208SF: 569864 bytes @ 0x10000 Written: OK

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

SF: Detected S25FL256S s25fl256s_64k with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 64 KiB, total 32 MiB

TFTP from server 192.168.0.13125; our IP address is 192.168.0.9890Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/linux/sdvxdesk-mx6-l-14.0.0_lite_uImage0_uImage'.

################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ######### 1.6 2 MiB/s

Bytes transferred = 6437016 7031520 (623898 6b4ae0 hex)SF: 8388608 bytes @ 0x200000 Erased: OKdevice 0 offset 0x200000, size 0x6b4ae0SF: 7031520 bytes @ 0x200000 Written: OK

TFTP from server 192.168.0.13125; our IP address is 192.168.0.8990Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/linux/sdvxdesk-mx6-l-14.0.0_lite_imx6dl0_imx6q-sfczgsbcx-cb0043cb0012.dtb'.

Loading: ########### 1564.2 MiB5 KiB/s

Bytes transferred = 42547 53760 (a633 d200 hex)SF: 524288 bytes @ 0x180000 Erased: OKdevice 0 offset 0x180000, size 0xd200SF: 53760 bytes @ 0x180000 Written: OK

====uU-Boot====

uU-boot Boot SPL on NAND flash must be programmed using NXP <code>kobs-ng</code> utilityand the second stage using the <code>nandwrite</code>: this tool is required for writing the correct uU-boot Boot image on NAND storing all information needed by bootrom to identify the NAND as a boot device.

* uses a rfs with <b>kobs-ng</b> utility available on it (e.g. DAVE's rfs provided with <KIT>[[DESK-MX6-L | DESK-MX6-L]])* copy the related uU-boot Boot imx image file on nfs /home/root (for example)* execute ''kobs-ng '' passing the parameters for flashing uU-boot Boot on NAND* erase and program the second stage using '''flash_erase''' and '''nandwrite'''

root@imx6qxelkdesk-mx6:~# kobs-ng -x -v -w sdvxdesk-1mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6dl_sfczg_nand_u-boot.imx0_mx6qdldesk_nand_SPL

mtd: max_boot_stream_size_in_bytes = 3670016524288mtd: boot_stream_size_in_bytes = 67281257344mtd: boot_stream_size_in_pages = 32928mtd: #1 0x00100000 - 0x00480000 0x00180000 (0x001a442c0x0010e000)mtd: #2 0x00480000 0x00180000 - 0x00800000 0x00200000 (0x0052442c0x0018e000)

m_u32Firmware2_startingPage = 2304768 m_u32PagesInFirmware1 = 32928 m_u32PagesInFirmware2 = 32928

Firmware: image #0 @ 0x100000 size 0xa4800 0xe000 - available 0x3800000x80000Firmware: image #1 @ 0x480000 0x180000 size 0xa4800 0xe000 - available 0x3800000x80000

mtd: Writting .tmp_kobs_ng: #0 @0: 0x00100000 - 0x001a48000x0010e000

mtd: erasing @0:0x120000-0x140000We write one page for save guard. *mtd: erasing @0:0x140000-0x160000mtdWritting .tmp_kobs_ng: erasing #1 @0:0x1600000x00180000 -0x1800000x0018e000

mtd: Writting .tmp_kobs_ngroot@desk-mx6: ~#1 @flash_erase /dev/mtd1 0 0: 0x00480000 - 0x00524800mtd: erasing Erasing 128 Kibyte @0:0x4800005e0000 --0x4a0000100 % complete mtd: erasing root@0desk-mx6:0x4a0000~# nandwrite -0x4c0000mtd: erasing @0:0x4c0000p /dev/mtd1 desk-mx6-l-0x4e0000mtd: erasing @4.0:0x4e0000.0_mx6qdldesk_nand_u-0x500000boot.img mtd: erasing @Writing data to block 0:0x500000-0x520000at offset 0x0mtd: erasing @0:0x520000-0x540000Writing data to block 1 at offset 0x20000mtd: The last page is not full : 1068Writing data to block 2 at offset 0x40000mtd: We write one page for save guard. *Writing data to block 3 at offset 0x60000root@imx6qxelk:~#Writing data to block 4 at offset 0x80000

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

U-Boot => run loadk nand_updatek loadfdt nand_updatefdt

TFTP from server 192.168.04.13210; our IP address is 192.168.04.9863Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/linux/sdvxdesk-mx6-l-14.0.0_lite_uImage0_uImage'.

################################################################# 1.4 ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# ########### 2 MiB/s

Bytes transferred = 6437016 8038640 (623898 7aa8f0 hex)

NAND write: device 0 offset 0xc00000, size 0x6238980x7aa8f0 6437016 8038640 bytes written: OK

TFTP from server 192.168.04.13210; our IP address is 192.168.04.8963Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/linux/sdvxdesk-mx6-l-14.0.0_lite_imx6dl0_imx6dl-sfczgsbcx-cb0043cb0012.dtb'.

Loading: ########### 525980.4 5 KiB/s

Bytes transferred = 42547 52247 (a633 cc17 hex)

NAND write: device 0 offset 0xa00000, size 0xa6330xcc17 42547 52247 bytes written: OK=>

 ====uU-Boot====Update to the latest uU-boot Boot version allows usage of uU-boot Boot environment variables available.

mmc_update=> printenv mmc_update_spl mmc_update_spl=mmc dev; setexpr blocks ${filesize} / 0x200; setexpr blocks ${blocks} + 1; mmc write ${loadaddr} 2 ${blocks}=> printenv mmc_update_uboot mmc_update_uboot=mmc dev; setexpr blocks ${filesize} / 0x200; setexpr blocks ${blocks} + 1; mmc write ${loadaddr} 0x8a ${blocks}

Load uU-boot Boot binary form a <code>tftp</code> server:

=> run loadload_spl Using FEC deviceTFTP from server 192.168.4.240; our IP address is 192.168.4.49Filename 'desk-mx-l/desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_SPL'.Load address: 0x12000000Loading: ############ 1.1 MiB/sdoneBytes transferred = 60416 (ec00 hex)=> run mmc_update_spl switch to partitions #0, OKmmc0 is current device (SD) MMC write: dev # 0, block # 2, count 119 ... 119 blocks written: OK=> run load_uboot

TFTP from server 192.168.04.13240; our IP address is 192.168.04.8949Filename 'sdvxdesk-mx-l/udesk-boot/sdvxmx6-l-14.0.0_mx6dl_sfczg_u0_mx6qdldesk_u-boot.imximg'.

################################################################# ##

Bytes transferred = 671788 624932 (a402c 98924 hex)=> run mmc_updatemmc_update_uboot

mmc2(part 0) mmc0 is current device (eMMCSD)

MMC write: dev # 20, block # 2138, count 1313 1221 ... 1313 1221 blocks written: OK=>

Load uU-boot Boot binary form from an <code>SD</code> card:

=> fatload mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} sdvxdesk-1.0.1_mx6dlaxel_umx6-boot.imxreading sdvxl-14.0.1_mx6dlaxel_u-boot.imx0_mx6qdldesk_SPL671788 56320 bytes read in 50 20 ms (122.8 7 MiB/s)

=> run mmc_updatemmc_update_splswitch to partitions #0, OKmmc2 is current device (eMMC) MMC write: dev # 2, block # 2, count 111 ... 111 blocks written: OK=> fatload mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} desk-mx6-l-4.0.0_mx6qdldesk_u-boot.img569864 bytes read in 45 ms (12.1 MiB/s)=> mmc dev 2

MMC write: dev # 2, block # 2138, count 1313 1114 ... 1313 1114 blocks written: OK

We assume that the following environment variables are present in uU-bootBoot:

mmcboot=run mmcargs addcons addmisc; if run mmc_loadk; then if run mmc_loadfdt; then if run configid_fixupfdt; then bootm ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr}; fi; fi; fi

Then, uU-boot Boot uses the previous listed commands for reading the binary images and starting the linux bootstrap from the ''MMC part 2'' (which is reserved for the root-file system storage).

The following uU-boot Boot environment variables are present for this purposes:

The following environment variables should be configured for uU-boot Boot properly reading the boot files from the first SD card partition, e.g.

=> setenv bootfile sdvxdesk-1mx6-l-4.0.1_lite_uImage0_mx6qdldesk_uImage=> setenv fdtfile sdvxdesk-mx6-l-14.0.1_lite_imx6dl0_mx6qdldesk_imx6dl-sdv03sbcx-cb002acb0012.dtb

* Boot the system via SD or NFS as described in the e [[(<KIT>)#Quick_start_guideDESK-MX6-L/General/Booting_from_NFS |Quick start guideBooting from nfs]]wiki page.* By default, the NAND is already partitioned to allow booting from NAND-only (see next section) and, thus, some partitions are reserved for uU-boot Boot and kernel images. Here we won't modify this default configuration. The [[Memory Tecnology Device (MTD)|MTD]] partitions can be dumped with <code>/proc/mtd</code> (the partition's name should be self-explanatory)

root@sdvx-liteimx6qdlxelk:~# cat /proc/mtd

mtd0: 00800000 00200000 00020000 "nand-SPL"mtd1: 00600000 00020000 "nand-uboot"mtd1mtd2: 00100000 00020000 "nand-env1"mtd2mtd3: 00100000 00020000 "nand-env2"mtd3mtd4: 00100000 00020000 "nand-fdt"mtd4mtd5: 00100000 00020000 "nand-spare"mtd5mtd6: 00800000 00020000 "nand-kernel"mtd6mtd7: 00600000 00400000 00020000 "nand-splash"mtd7mtd8: 3e600000 1e800000 00020000 "nand-ubi"root@sdvx-liteimx6qdlxelk:~#

{{ImportantMessage|text=Please note that MTD partition index may change depending of flash device availability, flash device size, uU-boot Boot environment variables or kernel device driver load order. Always take care of looking inside <code>/proc/mtd</code> to match your specific layout}}

* Format and initialize ''nand-ubi'' partition, which in our case is <code>mtd7mtd8</code>, using [[Memory Tecnology Device (MTD)#UBI|UBI]] with:

ubiformat /dev/mtd7mtd8ubiattach -m 78

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# ubiformat /dev/mtd7mtd8ubiformat: mtd7 mtd8 (nand), size 1048576000 bytes (1000.0 MiB), 8000 eraseblocks of 131072 bytes (128.0 KiB), min. I/O size 2048 byteslibscan: scanning eraseblock 7999 -- 100 % complete ubiformat: 8000 eraseblocks have valid erase counter, mean value is 1116ubiformat: formatting eraseblock 7999 -- 100 % complete root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# ubiattach -m 78[ 1714 201.823600648474] UBIubi0: attaching mtd7 to ubi0mtd8[ 1726 203.415587638158] UBIubi0: scanning is finished[ 1726 203.483765658702] UBIubi0: attached mtd7 mtd8 (name "nand-ubi", size 1000 MiB) to ubi0[ 1726 203.491062664827] UBIubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes[ 1726 203.498301672513] UBIubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048[ 1726 203.505030679330] UBIubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096[ 1726 203.512430687928] UBIubi0: good PEBs: 8000, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0[ 1726 203.518861694456] UBIubi0: user volume: 0, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128[ 1726 203.526025702103] UBIubi0: max/mean erase counter: 3121/2117, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 623070258493697587[ 1726 203.535433711974] UBIubi0: available PEBs: 7836, total reserved PEBs: 164, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 160[ 1726 203.545260721987] UBIubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 714635UBI device number 0, total 8000 LEBs (1015808000 bytes, 968.8 7 MiB), available 7836 LEBs (994983936 bytes, 948.9 8 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB)root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# ubimkvol /dev/ubi0 -N rootfs -m

Volume ID 0, size 7836 LEBs (994983936 bytes, 948.9 8 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB), dynamic, name "rootfs", alignment 1

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# mkdir -p /mnt/nandroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# mount -t ubifs ubi0_0 /mnt/nand[ 1810 226.301461375941] UBIFS(ubi0:0): default file-system created[ 1810 226.381545] UBIFS (ubi0:0): Mounting in unauthenticated mode[ 226.308952387403] UBIFS(ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 717641[ 1810 226.452274421704] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"[ 1810 226.459421429128] UBIFS(ubi0:0): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes[ 1810 226.469398440000] UBIFS(ubi0:0): FS size: 992698368 bytes (946 MiB, 7818 LEBs), max 7836 LEBs, journal size 33521664 bytes (31 MiB, 264 LEBs)[ 1810 226.480976452510] UBIFS(ubi0:0): reserved for root: 4952683 bytes (4836 KiB)[ 1810 226.487210459239] UBIFS(ubi0:0): media format: w4w5/r0 (latest is w4w5/r0), UUID 99D0F3C62AC18D3A-5955E457-4B3047E0-9E2D9BD1-72202281BD3078A7C3483B73, small LPT model

tar xvjf sdvxdave-1.0.1_imageimage-devel-sdvxdesk-litemx6.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/nand

ubidetach -m 78

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# umount /mnt/nand/[ 2446 238.743091072434] UBIFS(ubi0:0): un-mount UBI device 0, volume 0[ 2446 238.749670077232] UBIFS(ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" stopsroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# ubidetach -m 78[ 2450 240.738153786549] UBIubi0: detaching mtd7 from ubi0mtd8[ 2450 240.759527798612] UBIubi0: mtd7 mtd8 is detached from ubi0

nand_args=setenv bootargs root=ubi0:rootfs rootfstype=ubifs rw ubi.mtd=78

* Boot the system via SD or NFS as described in the e [[(<KIT>)#Quick_start_guideDESK-MX6-L/General/Booting_from_NFS |Quick start guideBooting from nfs]]wiki page

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# ./sdcard-partition.sh /dev/mmcblk2

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# mount /dev/mmcblk2p1 /mnt/emmc

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# cd /mnt/emmcroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/sdvxdesk-mx/linux/sdvxdesk-mx-14.0.10*dtb .root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/sdvxdesk-mx/linux/sdvxdesk-1mx-4.0.10*uImage .root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc# cp /tftpboot/sdvxdesk-mx/linux/splash_image.bmp .root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc# cdroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# umount /mnt/emmc

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# mount /dev/mmcblk2p2 /mnt/emmc

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# cd /mnt/emmcroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc#

tar xvjf sdvxdave-1.0.1_imageimage-devel-sdvxdesk-litemx6.tar.bz2-C /mnt/emmc

root@sdvxdesk-litemx6:/mnt/emmc# cdroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# umount /mnt/emmcroot@sdvxdesk-litemx6:~# reboot

then, the uU-boot Boot <code>environment</code> has to be properly configured: